精神科医生职业倦怠与人格特质的关系  

Relationship between the Job Burnout and Personality trait in Psychiatrists

作　　者：梁伟业[1] 陈妍[1] 童永胜[1] 李娟[1] 赵丽婷[1] 安静[1] LIANG Weiye;CHEN Yan;TONG Yongsheng;LI Juan;ZItAO Liting;AN Jing(Beijing Hui Long Guan Hospital,Beijing 100096,China)

机构地区：[1]北京回龙观医院,北京100096

出　　处：《中国心理卫生杂志》2018年第12期1025-1028,共4页Chinese Mental Health Journal

基　　金：首都卫生发展科研专项项目(2014-4-2132)

摘　　要：目的:探讨精神科医生职业倦怠与人格特质的关系,为预防精神科医生的职业倦怠提出根据。方法:选取精神科医生225名作为研究对象[男89人,女136人;平均年龄(36±8)岁]。采用Maslach倦怠量表-服务行业版(MBI-HSS)测量职业倦怠水平,简版大五人格量表(GBFS)评估人格特质。结果:女性精神科医生MBI-HSS的3个维度得分均高于男性(均P <0. 05);工作6～10年的精神科医生的情感耗竭和个人成就感维度的得分高于其他工作年限的精神科医生,工作≤5年的精神科医生的去个性化维度的得分高于其他工作年限的精神科医生(均P <0. 05)。回归分析结果显示,GBFS的稳定性得分与MBI-HSS的情感耗竭得分负向关联(β=-0. 19),GBFS宜人性得分和与MBI-HSS去个性化得分负向关联(β=-0. 34),GBFS严谨性得分与MBI-HSS成就感得分正向关联(β=0. 18),性别与MBI-HSS成就感得分负向关联(β=-0. 16)。结论:精神科医生的职业倦怠与人格特质关系密切。男性精神科医生和工作6～10年的精神科医生更容易出现职业倦怠,预防精神科医生的职业倦怠应考虑到性格和工作年限等因素。Objective: To explore the relationship between the job burnout and personality traits in psychiatrists,in order to propose empirical suggestions for prevention of job burnout. Methods: A total of 225 psychiatrists were selected by using convenience sampling [89 males,136 females,mean age( 36 ± 8) years]. The Maslach Burnout Inventory-Human Service Survey( MBI-HSS) was used to measure job burnout level,and a short version of the Big Five Personality Inventory( GBFS) was used to measure personality traits. Results: The scores of the three dimensions of MBI-HSS were higher in female psychiatrists than in males( Ps < 0. 05),the scores of emotional exhaustion and personal accomplishment of MBI-HSS were higher in psychiatrists who worked for 6-10 years than in other psychiatrists,the scores of depersonalization of MBI-HSS were higher in psychiatrists who worked less than 5 years than in other psychiatrists( Ps < 0. 05). Regression analysis showed that there were negative correlation of the stability of GBFS with the emotional exhaustion of MBI-HSS( β =-0. 19),negative correlation of the agreeableness of GBFS with the depersonalization of MBI-HSS( β =-0. 34),positive correlation of the conscientiousness of GBFS with the personal accomplishment of MBI-HSS( β = 0. 18),and negative correlation of the gender with the personal accomplishment of MBI-HSS( β =-0. 16). Conclusion: There is significant correlation of the job burnout and personality trait. Male psychiatrists and psychiatrists with 6 to 10 years’ work experience are more likely to have job burnout,indicating personality and work experience factors should be considered when preventing job burnout of psychiatrists.

关 键 词：精神科医生 职业倦怠 大五人格 

分 类 号：R749.41[医药卫生—神经病学与精神病学] R192.3[医药卫生—临床医学]