日语格助词「で」的本质义与基于句法语境的多义对应--基于BCCWJ语料库的句法语境统计分析  

The Core Meaning of De and Its Multiple Meanings Correspondence Based on Syntactic Context——Statistical Analysis of Syntactic Context Based on BCCWJ Corpus

作　　者：许慈惠[1] 蔡妍[2] XU Ci-hui;CAI Yan(School of Japanese Studies,Shanghai International Studies University,Shanghai 200083,China;College of Foreign Languages,Fujian Normal University,Fuzhou,Fujian 350007,China)

机构地区：[1]上海外国语大学日本文化经济学院,上海市200083 [2]福建师范大学外国语言文学博士后科研流动站,福建省福州市350007

出　　处：《外语电化教学》2018年第5期83-90,共8页Technology Enhanced Foreign Language Education

基　　金：国家社科基金一般项目“本质义理论框架下的日语格助词研究”(项目编号:17BYY191)的阶段性研究成果.

摘　　要：日语"名词+格助词+谓词"句式中的格助词作为语法功能词之虚词,表示其所接名词与谓词之间不依赖于句法语境的、抽象的语法关系,这一语法关系正是格助词的本质义。而多义只是本质义在多种句法语境中的具现,是对应多种句法语境的语义作用的结果。本研究假设日语格助词「で」的本质义为"凭借义",谓词与「で」格名词始终为"凭借"与"被凭借"的语法关系,在句法语境中体现为谓词实现的"凭借物"、"凭借事"或"凭借空间",并通过BCCWJ语料库统计分析「で」格的多义及实现的句法语境,再以MI-score与T-score系数考察「で」格名词与谓词成分的共现倾向,以进一步证实理论分析结果的合理性与可信度。De (で), as the grammatical functional word in the format of N + Functional Word + Predicate", indicates a grammatical relation independent of syntactic context. This grammatical relation is the core meaning of De. Multiple meanings refer to the specific meanings of De in different syntactic contexts. They are the results of various semantic functions. This study assumes that the core meaning of De is a kind of means. The relationship between predicate and De indicates a way or a method. It refers to a thing, an object or space by which people use to achieve a certain goal. The exploration of the coexistence of noun and verb of De through Mi-score and T-score based on statistical analysis of BCCWJ corpus and the analyses of multiple meanings of De and its syntactic context could further testify that the theoretical reasoning is reliable and reasonable.

关 键 词：本质义 凭借 句法语境 多义 

分 类 号：H319.3[语言文字—英语]