重整社会秩序的挫折——康有为的孔教观及其困境  

The Setback of Reforming the Social Order: Kang Youwei’s Views on Confucianism and their Predicament

作　　者：周宇清 Zhou Yuqing

机构地区：[1]内江师范学院政治与公共管理学院

出　　处：《中国文化研究》2018年第4期39-52,共14页Chinese Culture Research

摘　　要：在近代中国寻求救国救民真理的仁人志士中,康有为是极其重要的一位,然而康有为的家世背景、所受教育、生存环境、思想根柢和品性气质决定其一生只能在改良的道路上行走,而不会再跃上一个新的台阶,开启一段新的人生历程。在近代中国暗弱的年代里,康有为试图复活孔教的价值,为其变法维新寻找理论依据,倡议定孔教为国教,整饬社会、挽救世风,保存中华文化,实现道德重建的理想,甚至还试图以孔教教化海外民众,发扬国声。他的这些思想主张,尽管有其价值观的追求,但既与新的时代精神不合,行为乖戾,又与近代中国社会的演进与诉求相背离,难有存在和发展的空间。在近代中国,要建立一种适应时代与社会发展的道德体系,只有有待于康有为身后的来者。Among men and women with high ideals of seeking the truth of salvaging the country and the people in modern China,Kang Youwei is an extremely important person. However,Kang Youwei's family and education background,living environment,ideological foundation and character made it clear that he could only walk on the path of improvement,and couldn't jump onto a new step and start a new life course.In the modern China's waning years,Kang Youwei attempted to revive the Confucian value in order to find the theoretical basis for his reform.He advocated setting the Confucianism as the state religion in the hope of rectifying the society,saving the social climate,preserving Chinese culture to realize the ideal of moral reconstruction.He even tried to enlighten the overseas people with Confucianism and to carry forward the national prestige.His ideas,in spite of the values,were illogical,and deviated from the evolution and pursuit of the modern China society,and therefore,it was difficult to exist and develop.In modern China,it is necessary to establish a moral system to adapt to the times and social development.However,the task is only to be left behind by Kang Youwei.

关 键 词：康有为 孔教 困境 

分 类 号：B258[哲学宗教—中国哲学] B222