灵芝的分子生物学鉴定  

Molecular biological identification of Ganoderma

作　　者：杨涛 刘宇[1] 周均亮 赵爽[1] 李华敏[3] 宋爽[1] 荣成博 Tao Yang;Yu Liu;Junliang Zhou;Shuang Zhao;Huamin Li;Shuang Song;Chengbo Rong(Institute of Plant and Environment Protection,Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Science,Beijing Engineering Research Center for Edible Mushroom,Beijing 100097;College of Food Science,Northeast Agricultural University,Harbin 150030;College of Food Engineering,Ludong University,Yantai 264025,China)

机构地区：[1]北京市农林科学院植物保护环境保护研究所,北京市食用菌工程技术研究中心,北京100097 [2]东北农业大学食品学院,黑龙江哈尔滨150030 [3]鲁东大学食品工程学院,山东烟台264025

出　　处：《生物技术》2018年第6期554-559,591,共7页Biotechnology

基　　金：北京市农林科学院科技创新能力建设专项(No.KJCX20170106);北京市农林科学院所级科技创新团队建设(No.JNKST201614)

摘　　要：[目的]明确33株命名混乱灵芝的分类学地位。[方法]通过分子生物学手段,用引物内转录间隔区(ITS)、核糖体大亚基(nLSU)、翻译延长因子(EF-1)和RNA聚合酶第二大亚基(RPB2)分别对样本DNA进行PCR扩增,电泳检测后测序。然后将样本序列与GenBank数据库47株灵芝序列比对,运用最大似然法、最大简约法和贝叶斯法构建系统发育树,并将相似度汇总。[结果]系统发育树结果显示33株灵芝聚为10大分支,第Ⅰ、Ⅱ、Ⅶ、Ⅷ、Ⅸ、Ⅹ分支有已知菌株与其聚为同一分支。[结论]根据系统发育分析,33株灵芝分为10大类,其中2株是无柄灵芝G.resinaceum或黑紫灵芝G.neojaponicum;15株是赤芝G.lingzhi;2株是紫芝G.sinense;1株是美国大灵芝G.oregonense;1株是白肉灵芝G.leucocontextum;1株是松杉灵芝G.tsugae。[Objective]Defining the taxonomic status of 33 strains of naming chaotic Ganoderma.[Methods]Using molecular biological methods,the sequences of the internal transcribed spacer( ITS),the large subunit nuclear ribosomal RNA gene( n LSU),the translation elongation factor 1-alpha gene( EF-1) and the second largest subunit of RNA polymerase Ⅱ( RPB2)were used to separately PCR amplification and sequencing after electrophoresis detection,Then compare the sample sequence with the 47 strains of Ganoderma in the Gen Bank database,The phylogenetic tree is constructed by using the maximum likelihood,the maximum parsimony and the Bayesian,and then summarize the similarities.[Results]Phylogenetic tree shows that 33 Ganoderma clustered into 10 branches. The Ⅰ,Ⅱ,Ⅶ,Ⅷ,Ⅸ and Ⅹ branches have known strains that are clustered together.[Conclusion]According to the phylogenetic tree,33 strains of Ganoderma were divided into 10 categories,of which 2 strains belong to G. resinaceum or G. neojaponicum; 15 strains belong to G. lingzhi; 2 strains belong to G. sinense; 1 strain belongs to G. oregonense; 1 strain belongs to G. leucocontextum; 1 strain belongs to G. tsugae.

关 键 词：灵芝 分子生物学 最大似然法 最大简约法 贝叶斯法 系统发育树 

分 类 号：S567.31[农业科学—中草药栽培]