芜菁多糖的分离纯化、化学结构及其抗疲劳动物试验研究  

Purification, Structural Characterization and Anti-fatigue Effect in Vivo of Tibetan Turnip(Brassica rapa L.) Polysaccharide

作　　者：唐伟敏[1] 金露[1] 谢亮华 黄菊青[1] 楚秉泉[1] 戴旭林 王锐 张英[1] Tang Weimin;Jin Lu;Xie Lianghua;Huang Juqing;Chu Bingquan;Dai Xulin;Wang Rui;Zhang Ying(College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science,Zhejiang Key Laboratory for Agro-Food Processing, Zhejiang Engineering Center for Food Technology and Equipment,Zhejiang University,Hangzhou 310058;Tibet Hongfa Shengtao Food Co.Ltd.,Lhasa 850000;Department of Pharmacology and Key Lab of Ministry of Education in Fertility Preservation and Maintenance, Ningxia Medical University,Yinchhan 750004)

机构地区：[1]浙江大学生物系统工程与食品科学学院浙江省农产品加工技术研究重点实验室浙江省食品加工技术与装备工程研究中心,杭州310058 [2]西藏宏发盛桃食品股份有限公司,拉萨850000 [3]宁夏医科大学药理学系和教育部生育力保持重点实验室,银川750004

出　　处：《中国食品学报》2018年第12期22-31,共10页Journal of Chinese Institute Of Food Science and Technology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(31371754)

摘　　要：目的:解析芜菁多糖的化学结构,证明其体内抗疲劳功效。方法:采用水提醇沉法提取,经葡聚糖凝胶柱分离纯化得到芜菁多糖试样(纯度94.61%,得率0.94%,均以干基计)。用HPGPC、红外光谱、甲基化、GC-MS和NMR等分析手段对芜菁多糖的化学结构进行系统研究,采用小鼠负重游泳试验模型研究其抗疲劳功效。结果:芜菁多糖是一种富含半乳糖醛酸的酸性多糖(重均分子质量Mw为193.18 ku),糖基组成分析表明其含有7种单糖,物质的量百分比(mol,%)为半乳糖醛酸(D-GalA)∶甘露糖(D-Man)∶阿拉伯糖(L-Ara)∶半乳糖(D-Gal)∶葡萄糖(D-Glc)∶鼠李糖(L-Rha)∶葡萄糖醛酸(D-GlcA)=67.73∶17.19∶10.20∶3.19∶1.11∶0.34∶0.23;甲基化、GC-MS以及NMR等分析结果表明,β-1,3,6-GalpA与β-1,3-Galp(A)以1,3连接方式形成芜菁多糖的核心骨架。芜菁多糖在抗疲劳活性方面,与空白对照组相比,芜菁多糖[100 mg/(kg bw·d)]能显著延长小鼠负重游泳的时间(P<0.05),并提高小鼠前5 min的平均游泳速率(P<0.05);同时,显著提高小鼠血清谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)(P<0.05)的活力,降低乳酸脱氢酶(LDH)活力(P<0.01),并显著降低其代谢产物血清尿素氮(BUN)、乳酸(LA)和丙二醛(MDA)的水平(P<0.05)。结论:芜菁多糖是一种富含半乳糖醛酸的酸性多糖,是芜菁发挥抗疲劳作用的主要功效成分。In order to investigate structure features and anti-fatigue effect in vivo of Tibetan Turnip(Brassica rapa L.) polysaccharides(TP), in present study, TP with purity of 94.61%(dw, 0.94% yield of raw material) was obtained by hot water extraction-ethanol precipitation and sephacryl S-100 HR gel-filtration chromatography purification. The physicochemical properties of TP were analyzed by HPGPC, IR, methylation, GC-MS and NMR analyses. Moreover the anti-fatigue effect of TP was evaluated by weight-loaded mice swimming model. Collectively, TP was an acidic homopolysaccharide with average molecular weight(Mw) of 193.18 ku comprising of D-GalA ∶D-Man ∶ L-Ara ∶ D-Gal ∶ D-Glc ∶L-Rha ∶ D-GlcA=67.73 ∶ 17.19 ∶ 10.20 ∶ 3.19 ∶ 1.11 ∶ 0.34 ∶ 0.23(mol,%). Furthermore, the results of monosaccharide compositions, methylation, GC-MS and NMR analyses suggested that TP, comprising of β-1, 3, 6-GalpA and β-1, 3-Galp(A)which were alternatively linked by one with another forming the backbone. Compared with control, TP could effectively elongate swimming time and average swimming speed of test [100 mg/(kg bw·d), P<0.05]. And TP also enhanced glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px) activity(P<0.05) and lowered lactate dehydrogenase(LDH) activity [100 mg/(kg bw·d),P<0.01] in the serum of mice. Meanwhile TP with the dosage of 100 mg/(kg bw·d) significantly reduced levels of blood urea nitrogen(BUN), lactic acid(LA) and malonic dialdehyde(MDA) in serum(brain) of mice(P<0.05). TP was a kind of acidic polysaccharide with high content of D-GalA, which was verified to be anti-fatigue component of Tibetan Turnip(Brassica rapa L.).

关 键 词：芜菁 多糖 化学结构 小鼠抗疲劳试验 

分 类 号：TS218[轻工技术与工程—粮食、油脂及植物蛋白工程]