跨民族友谊对民族态度的影响及其作用机制  

The Effect of Cross-ethnic Friendships on Ethnic Attitudes and its Mechanism

作　　者：陈晓晨[1] 赵菲菲 张积家[1,2,3] CHEN Xiao-chen;ZHAO Fei-fei;ZHANG Ji-jia(Department of Psychology,Renmin University of China;Key Lab of Ethnic Languages and Cultures Affiliated to the State Ethnic Affairs Commission;Key Lab of Ethnic Psychology and Education and Center for Minority Education and Development of Ministry of Education,Beijing 100872)

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学心理学系 [2]国家民委民族语言文化心理重点研究基地 [3]教育部民族教育发展中心民族心理与教育重点研究基地,北京100872

出　　处：《民族教育研究》2018年第6期96-103,共8页Journal of Research on Education for Ethnic Minorities

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目"青少年跨群体友谊对群际态度的影响及作用机制研究"(项目编号:31600895);全国民族教育合作课题"少数民族学生心理健康和文化适应状况调查及对策研究"(项目编号:MJZXHZ15003);中国人民大学科学研究基金(中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金资助)"社会变迁背景下的社会排斥研究"(项目编号:16XNLQ05)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：如何促进各民族成员的交往交流交融,已成为社会各界关注的热点。本研究从群际接触理论的视角出发,考察民族混合高校中各民族大学生之间的友谊,并揭示跨民族友谊与民族态度的关系。研究采用问卷法测量了276名不同民族大学生的跨民族友谊(友谊数量和质量)、民族态度(外民族积极情感和消极刻板印象)以及群际焦虑。结果表明:(1)跨民族友谊与更积极的外民族态度相关联,这种"友谊效应"在少数民族学生中更加明显;(2)民族态度的情感维度比认知维度(刻板印象)更容易改变;(3)跨民族友谊通过群际焦虑的中介作用对民族态度产生影响。Promoting the association, communication and blending among members of different ethnic groups has become a hot issue of social concern. Based on Contact Theory, the current study examined cross-ethnic friendships and ethnic attitudes among Chinese college students in a multiethnic university setting. 276 Han and ethnic minority college students were surveyed on their cross-ethnic friendships(quantity and quality), ethnic attitudes(feelings toward and negative stereotypes about out groups), and intergroup anxiety. Results indicated that 1) cross-ethnic friendships were related to more positive ethnic attitudes, and this friendship effect was stronger among ethnic minority students;2) the affective dimension of attitudes was relatively easy to change compared to the cognitive dimension of attitudes(i.e., negative stereotypes);and 3) intergroup anxiety mediated the link between cross-ethnic friendships and ethnic attitudes.

关 键 词：跨民族友谊 民族态度 群际焦虑 

分 类 号：G750[文化科学—教育学] C955[社会学—民族学]