基于合作博弈的停车位分配模型  

Parking Slot Assignment Model Based on Cooperative Game Theory

作　　者：林小围 周晶[1] 卢珂[1] 徐媛[1] LIN Xiaowei;ZHOU Jing;LU Ke;XU Yuan(School of Management and Engineering,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210093,China;Jinling College,Nanjing University,Nanjing 210089,China)

机构地区：[1]南京大学工程管理学院,南京210093 [2]南京大学金陵学院,南京210089

出　　处：《系统管理学报》2019年第1期62-66,85,共6页Journal of Systems & Management

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(71371094)

摘　　要：如果完全信息下有限车辆从不同起点到同一目的地附近竞争有限车位的停车博弈为非合作策略式博弈,那么,当一辆车能够比其他车辆更快到达预想车位时,它将赢得该车位,竞争的结果为纳什均衡分配。但纳什均衡分配结果往往不是系统最优分配,因此,运用合作博弈理论研究停车博弈问题,建立联盟停车成本合理、公平的分配机制,从而可以形成车辆联盟降低系统停车成本,使得各车辆最终支出的停车成本不会超过非合作竞争时的成本。合作博弈理论为停车场管理实践引入合作机制奠定了基础,为停车场的智能停车诱导系统提供系统最优的车位分配方案和相应的成本分配方案,为停车管理提供了新的思路。If the complete information static parking game of finite vehicles from different origins competing for slots around the same destination is a non-cooperative strategic game,the vehicle which can reach the target slot before others will win the parking slot,which leads to Nash equilibrium.However,Nash equilibrium is not always system optimal.Using the cooperative game theory,a reasonable and equitable parking cost reallocation scheme to reduce the system parking cost and every vehicle’s parking cost can be built.The cooperative game theory lays the foundation for the introduction of cooperative mechanism into parking management,providing an optimal parking space allocation scheme,a corresponding cost allocation scheme for the intelligent parking guidance system of parking lot,and a new way for parking management.

关 键 词：停车诱导系统 合作博弈 特征函数 SHAPELY值 

分 类 号：F570.6[经济管理—产业经济]