2017年山东省部分地区玉米及其制品中白僵菌素和恩镰孢菌素污染调查  

Survey on natural occurrence of beauvericin and enniatins in corn and corn-based samples collected from Shandong Province of China in 2017

作　　者：韩小敏 徐文静 刘明 张靖 王美美 李凤琴 HAN Xiaomin;XU Wenjing;LIU Ming;ZHANG Jing;WANG Meimei;LI Fengqin(NHC Key Laboratory of Food Safety Risk Assessment of Ministry of Health,China National Center for Food Safety Risk Assessment,Beijing 100021,China)

机构地区：[1]国家食品安全风险评估中心国家卫生健康委员会食品安全风险评估重点实验室,北京100021

出　　处：《中国食品卫生杂志》2018年第6期622-627,共6页Chinese Journal of Food Hygiene

基　　金：生物安全重点研发计划(2017YFC1200901);国家重点研发计划食品安全关键技术研发(2017YFC1601103)

摘　　要：目的调查山东省部分地区2017年产玉米及其制品中六酯肽类真菌毒素,包括白僵菌素(BEA)和恩镰孢菌素(ENNs)中恩镰孢菌素A(ENA)、恩镰孢菌素A_1(ENA_1)、恩镰孢菌素B(ENB)和恩镰孢菌素B_1(ENB_1)的污染情况。方法从山东省东部、西部、南部和中部四个地区采集2017年产玉米及其制品158份,样品经乙腈-水(85∶15,V/V)提取、固相萃取柱净化后高效液相色谱-串联质谱测定5种毒素的含量。结果 BEA是158份样品中的主要污染毒素,其阳性率和平均值分别为82.3%(130/158)和65.26μg/kg,4种ENNs的阳性率和平均值分别为ENA:55.1%(87/158)和0.28μg/kg,ENA_1:8.2%(13/158)和0.62μg/kg,ENB:3.8%(6/158)和1.19μg/kg,ENB_1:56.3%(89/158)和0.13μg/kg。玉米粒、玉米粉和玉米碴中5种毒素的平均值分别为BEA:46.96、86.45和0.17μg/kg,ENA:0.13、0.35和0.06μg/kg,ENA_1:0.14、0.76和0.00μg/kg,ENB:0.23、2.15和0.00μg/kg,ENB_1:0.21、0.15和0.08μg/kg。东部地区样品中BEA的污染最严重,其阳性率和平均值分别为87.0%(87/100)和95.75μg/kg;除南部地区ENA和ENB_1的阳性率较高(均为91.3%,21/23)外,4种ENNs在其他3个地区阳性率均较低,且4种ENNs在4个地区的平均值均低于BEA。结论山东省部分地区玉米及其制品可受5种六酯肽类真菌毒素的污染,BEA的污染水平高于4种ENNs的污染水平;毒素污染存在种类和地域差异,建议在山东省开展大范围监测的基础上,重点监测东部沿海地区玉米及其制品中BEA的含量。Objective To investigate the natural occurrence of hexadepsipeptides mycotoxins,including beauvercin(BEA),enniatins(ENNs)of enniatin A(ENA),enniatin A1(ENA1),enniatin B(ENB),and enniatin B1(ENB1)in corn and corn-based samples collected from Shandong Province in 2017.Methods One hundred and fifty-eight corn and corn-based samples were collected from the east,west,south,and central district of Shandong in 2017.The samples were extracted with acetonitrile-water(85∶15,V/V),cleaned up with solid phase extraction column,followed by high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry(HPLC-MS/MS)detection of the concentrations of 5 mycotoxins.Results BEA was the predominant mycotoxin in 158 samples,and the positive rate and the average level of BEA were 82.3%(130/158)and 65.26μg/kg.The positive rates and the average levels of 4 ENNs were 55.1%(87/158)and 0.28μg/kg for ENA,8.2%(13/158)and 0.62μg/kg for ENA1,3.8%(6/158)and 1.19μg/kg for ENB,56.3%(89/158)and 0.13μg/kg for ENB1.The average levels of the 5 mycotoxins in corn kernels,corn flour and corn flakes were 46.96,86.45 and 0.17μg/kg for BEA,0.13,0.35 and 0.06μg/kg for ENA,0.14,0.76 and 0.00μg/kg for ENA1,0.23,2.15 and 0.00μg/kg for ENB,0.21,0.15 and 0.08μg/kg for ENB1.BEA was the most predominant mycotoxin in samples collected from east district,and the positive rate and the average level for those samples were 87.0%(87/100)and 95.75μg/kg.The positive rates of 4 ENNs in the east,west and central districts were lower than those of BEA,but not for the positive rates of ENA and ENB1 in south(both of 91.3%,21/23).The average levels of 4 ENNs in the 4 districts were lower than BEA.Conclusion Corn and corn-based products collected from Shandong were contaminated by 5 hexadepsipeptides mycotoxins,especially for BEA,and there were mycotoxin kinds and geographic distribution differences for mycotoxin contamination.It wa necessary to conduct a wide range of monitoring especially for BEA in corn and corn-based samples collected from eastern seaboard of Sh

关 键 词：玉米 玉米制品 白僵菌素 恩镰孢菌素 六酯肽类真菌毒素 食品污染物 风险监测 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]