中国东中西部六省市食品安全状况比较  

Food safety in six provinces and cities in eastern, central and western China:a comparison study

作　　者：李太平[1] 李佳睿 LI Tai-ping;LI Jia-rui(College of Economics and Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing,Jiangsu Province 210095,China)

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学经济管理学院,江苏南京210095

出　　处：《中国公共卫生》2019年第2期193-196,共4页Chinese Journal of Public Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金面上项目"生鲜农产品质量安全的监管机制研究"(71173114);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD)

摘　　要：目的分析我国2016年六省(市)食品抽检结果并对东中西部地区的食品安全状况进行比较,对食品安全监管提出相应的政策建议。方法利用2016年国家食品药品监督管理总局公布的地方食品监督抽检数据,对东部地区(上海和江苏)、中部地区(湖北和安徽)以及西部地区(四川和重庆)抽检的24类食品的合格率水平进行整理计算,运用描述性统计和方差分析对东中西部地区食品安全状况进行比较分析。结果 24类食品总体合格率水平为97.58%,食品抽检合格率低于全国平均水平的食品类型有"淀粉及淀粉制品"(92.56%)"餐饮食品"(95.33%)糕点(95.55%)等14种。且东中西部地区总体食品抽检合格率差异有明显统计学意义,东部地区食品安全状况明显好于中西部地区,东部地区食品合格率水平最高(98.55%),食品合格率水平最低的食品类型为"蜂产品"(96.23%);中部地区次之(97.23%),食品合格率水平最低的食品类型为"酒类"(91.76%);西部地区最低(97.20%),食品合格率水平最低的食品类型为"薯类及膨化食品"(90.37%)。结论政府应重点加强中西部地区的食品安全监管,同时,东部地区的食品安全监管也不容忽视。Objective To analyze the data on national sampling inspection on food safety in six provinces(municipalities)in 2016 and to compare the status of food safety in different regions for making suggestions and strategies on food safety supervision in China. Methods We collected data on food safety sampling inspection carried out by China Food and Drug Administration in 2016 across China;then we extracted the data for eastern region(Shanghai municipality and Jiangsu province), central region(Hubei and Anhui province) and western region(Sichuan province and Chongqing municipality)and calculated qualification rates for 24 kinds of food;we used descriptive statistics and variance analysis to compare regional differences in the qualification rates. Results The average overall qualification rate for all the 24 kinds of food inspected was 97.58% and there were 14 kinds of food with the overall qualification rate lower than the average, including starch and starch products(92.56%), catering food(95.33%), and cakes(95.55%). A significant regional difference in the overall qualification rate for all kinds of food inspected was observed, with the higher rate in eastern region than that in central and western region. The qualification rate for all kinds of food inspected was the highest(98.55%) in eastern region,followed by those(97.23% and 97.20%) in central and western regions. The inspected food with the lowest qualification rate was bee products(96.23%) in eastern region, alcohol products(91.76%) in central region, and potato products and puffed food(96.23%) in western region. Conclusion Inspection and supervision on food safety should be strengthened in China,especially in central and western regions.

关 键 词：食品安全 抽检 合格率 地区性差异 经济发展水平 

分 类 号：R155[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]