基于改进Otsu方法的振动图像分割研究  

A Vibration Image Segmentation Algorithm Based on Improved Otsu Threshold Method

作　　者：马天兵[1] 刘健[1] 杜菲[1] 陈南南[1] MA Tian-bing;LIU Jian;DU Fei;CHEN Nan-nan(Anhui University of Science and Technology,Huainan 232001,China)

机构地区：[1]安徽理工大学,安徽淮南232001

出　　处：《电光与控制》2019年第2期11-15,31,共6页Electronics Optics & Control

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(51305003);安徽省博士后基金(2017B172);安徽理工大学国家自然基金(2016yz004)

摘　　要：在振动位移的机器视觉测量方法中,振动处标记点图像的分割作为处理过程中的关键,其分割结果直接影响最终的测量精度,但由于标记点图像中目标像素数目过小的特点及测量干扰因素,传统的Otsu阈值分割方法及相关改进算法的分割效果均不理想。为得到更优的分割算法,首先探讨了相关改进算法分割脉冲噪声、强光及阴影干扰下标记点图像时存在的问题,然后提出了一种基于阈值与目标波峰之间灰度分布信息的改进Otsu算法,在相关改进算法的基础上,将阈值与邻近目标波峰之间灰度值的差值及二者的像素数量之和在总体中的比例共同作为权重,最后进行多幅复杂干扰情况下标记点图像的分割实验和振动位移测量实验,实验结果表明,改进的算法在干扰下依然能对标记点图像进行有效分割,且目标的位置偏差值总体优于其他算法,同时准确地实现了振动位移的测量。In the method for the measurement of vibration displacement by way of machine vision,the segmentation of the marked image of vibration is the key point in the processing procedure.The segmenting result directly affects the final measurement accuracy.However,the segmenting results of the traditional Otsu threshold segmentation method and the improved algorithms are not satisfactory because of the small number of pixels of the target in the marked image and the interference factors in measurement.In order to get a better segmentation algorithm,this paper firstly explores the problems existing in the improved algorithms of segmenting the marked image under the interference of impulse noise,strong light and shadows.Then, an improved Otsu algorithm is proposed based on the distribution information of the gray level between the threshold and the target peak.Based on the improved algorithms,the ratio of the difference of the gray values between the threshold and the nearest target peak to the population,and the ratio of the sum of the pixel number of thein gray values to the population,are both taken as the weight.Finally,the segmentation experiment of the marked image and the measurement experiment of vibration displacement are carried out under the condition of multiple and complex interference.Experimental results show that,the proposed algorithm is still able to effectively segment the marked image under interference,and the deviation of the target's position is lower than that of other algorithms in general.Meanwhile,the accurate measurement of vibration displacement is realized.

关 键 词：图像分割 振动位移 机器视觉 Otsu阈值 标记点 

分 类 号：V271.4[航空宇航科学与技术—飞行器设计]