内蒙古半干旱草原土壤植被大气相互作用(IMGRASS)综合研究  

COMPOSITE STUDY ON INNER MONGOLIA SEMI-ARID GRASSLAND SOIL-VEGETATION-ATMOSPHERE INTERACTION(IMGRASS)

作　　者：吕达仁[1] 陈佐忠[2] 陈家宜[3] 王庚辰[1] 季劲钧[1] 陈洪滨[1] 刘钟龄[4] 张仁华[5] 乔劲松[1] 陈有君[4] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院大气物理研究所(LAGEO),北京100029 [2]中国科学院植物研究所,北京100093 [3]北京大学物理学院大气科学系,北京100871 [4]内蒙古大学资源研究所,内蒙古呼和浩特010021 [5]中国科学院地理科学与资源研究所,北京100029

出　　处：《地学前缘》2002年第2期295-306,共12页Earth Science Frontiers

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重大项目 ( 4 9790 0 2 0 ) ;中国科学院重大项目 (BKZ95 1)

摘　　要：为深化对中纬半干旱草原气候生态相互作用过程、机制及其对全球变化的响应与贡献的认识 ,一项名为“内蒙古半干旱草原土壤植被大气相互作用 (IMGRASS)”的基金重大项目于 1997—2 0 0 1年在内蒙古锡林郭勒草原执行。IMGRASS计划在 1998年草原生长季节、在所选定的以典型草原为主 ,包括草甸草原、稀疏沙地草原等在内的中尺度试验区开展了多点、多要素的综合观测。观测内容包括土壤、植被、大气的相关要素和发生于地气界面的潜热、感热通量 ,还包括N2 O ,CH4 ,CO2 等微量气体交换量、辐射与降水分布。除 1998年中尺度观测试验外 ,在 1999— 2 0 0 1年在代表性地点进行了微量气体收支、遥感和沙尘天气相关的专项观测 ,结合草原站已进行的长期监测资料 ,分析气候生态长期相互作用 ,特别是人类活动干预的影响。在分析观测结果的基础上 ,对该地区的气候生态相互作用进行了数值模拟研究。文章作为介绍IMGRASS计划的第一部分 ,对该项研究计划作一全面简要介绍 ,包括科学目标、计划实施实验区背景、中尺度综合观测 ,并对实验所得大气边界层结构、辐射通量、沙地土壤水份状况、地表反射率谱与遥感测量等提供了个例分析 ,并简单介绍IMGRASS数据库。In order to deeply understand the climate\|ecology interaction, its processes and mechanisms, and its response and contribution to the global change of mid\|latitude (temperate) semi\|arid grassland, a major project called 'Inner Mongolia Semi\|Arid Grassland Soil\|Vegetation\|Atmosphere Interaction (IMGRASS)' has been approved by NSFC and implemented during 1997-2001. IMGRASS is aimed at through mesoscale coordinated field observation, long term monitoring, analysis as well as numerical simulation to reveal multiple spatial and temporal scale and physical\|chemical\|biological processes, including the influence of human activities. Mesoscale field observation was conducted in 1998 growing season in Xilingol typical steppe of Inner Mongolia, which included observations of soil, vegetation, atmosphere parameters, various fluxes at land surface\|atmosphere boundary (sensible and latent heat, radiation, greenhouse gases), and precipitation. In this paper, the scientific objectives, background of experimental area, and field experiment implementation are introduced. Examples and preliminary analysis of some observations, such as atmospheric boundary layer profiles, soil moisture, radiation, surface reflectance, remote sensing related surface reflectance, AVHRR\|derived regional NDVI and LAI, as well as IMGRASS data\|base are also introduced. Numerical simulation and composite study of climate\|ecology interaction and human activity influence of IMGRASS project are described in an accompany paper in this issue.

关 键 词：陆-气相互作用 IMGRASS 半干旱草原 温室气体 中尺度模拟 BAHC 气候-生存相互作用 内蒙古 土壤 植被 

分 类 号：P461[天文地球—大气科学及气象学] X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]