南方鲇的营养学研究:饲料中大豆蛋白水平对消化率及摄食率的影响  

THE NUTRITION OF SILURUS MERIDIONALIS: EFFECTS OFDIFFERENT LEVELS OF DIETARY SOYBEAN PROTEIN ONDIGESTIBILITY AND FEEDING RATE

作　　者：艾庆辉[1] 谢小军[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所,武汉430072 [2]西南师范大学水产科学研究所,重庆400715

出　　处：《水生生物学报》2002年第3期215-220,共6页Acta Hydrobiologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目

摘　　要：以23.78±0.09g的南方鲇为实验对象,以Cr2O3作为测定饲料消化率的指示物,以大豆蛋白分别替代0%、13%、26%、39%、52%和65%的鱼粉蛋白,配制成6种等氮(粗蛋白48%)、等能(总能20KJ/g)的饲料,用于探讨饲料中大豆蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白的比例对南方鲇消化率及摄食率的影响。实验在27.5±0.02℃水温条件下进行6周,溶氧维持在5mg/L以上,光制为14L∶10D。结果表明,饲料中不同比例的鱼粉蛋白与大豆蛋白对南方鲇的消化率及摄食率均存在显著影响(P<0.05)。其中南方鲇对于物质、蛋白质、脂肪和能量的消化率随着大豆蛋白替代率的提高而逐步下降,当替代量为65%时,其消化率显著低于其余各组(P<0.05)。而南方鲇的摄食率均随着饲料中大豆粉添加量的升高而升高,当大豆蛋白替代鱼粉蛋白超过39%时,摄食率显著高于其余各组(P<0.05)。通过分析认为,消化率是限制南方鲇利用大豆粉的重要因素,而摄食率不是影响其利用率的主要原因。A growth experiment was conducted on Silurus meridionalis , with initial weight of 23 .78 ±0.09g, for 6 weeks at 27.5±0.02℃ in recirculating system. Using chromic oxide as an indicator, six isonitrogenous (48% protein) and isoenergetic (gross energy, 20KJ/g) diets, with soybean protein (SP) replacing 0% , 13% , 26% , 39% , 52% and 65% of fish meal protein (FP), were formulated to examine the effects of incorporation of dietary SP on digestibility and feeding rate. The results indicated that dietary level of SP significantly influenced feeding rate and apparent digestibility in this souther sheatfish (P < 0.05) . With the increased SP, the apparent digestibility of dry matter, protein, lipid and energy decreased. When SP in the diet was 65%, the apparent digestibility was significantly lower than that in other groups (P < 0.05) . Feeding rate increased with the increased SP. Fish fed the diets with 52% and 65% of SP showed significantly higher feeding rate than other groups (P < 0.05) . It is suggested that the digestibility was an important factor affecting the utilization of soybean meal for the southern sheatfish, but the feeding rate didn't.

关 键 词：南方鲇 营养学 大豆蛋白水平 消化率 摄食率 饲料蛋白 大豆粉 

分 类 号：S963.312[农业科学—水产养殖] S963.16[农业科学—水产科学]