特重原油油藏微生物采油试验  

Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery In Extra-Heavy Crude Reservior

作　　者：黄英[1] 梁凤来[1] 刁虎欣[1] 刘如林[1] 李牧[2] 张浩[2] 赵贲[2] 李吉阳[2] 郎宝山[2] 陈巨明[2] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学生命科学学院,天津300071 [2]中国石油辽河油田公司,辽宁盘锦124010

出　　处：《油田化学》2002年第2期178-181,共4页Oilfield Chemistry

摘　　要：辽河油田冷 43块油藏所产原油含胶质沥青质 37%～ 42 % ,含蜡 5 % ,粘度 9.6～ 43Pa·s(5 0℃ ) ,密度 0 .96 0～ 0 .975 g/cm3 ,已超出了国外某些标准规定的微生物采油适用范围。用优选的适应温度范围为 40～ 6 0℃的两种菌假单胞菌 (Pseudomonassp .)LH 18和短杆菌 (Brevibacteriumsp .)LH 2 1的等量混合物、培养基 ,分别与该区块5口油井所产原油在 48℃摇床发酵 48小时 ,使原油粘度降低 2 6 %～ 6 5 % ,发酵液表面张力下降 10 %～ 19% ,pH值由中性变为弱酸性 ,表明在原油发酵过程中有表面活性物质和酸生成。在该区块蒸汽吞吐效果很差的同层位 5口井的近井地带注入营养液和混合菌液 ,共 7井次 ,单井一次注入菌液 0 .5～ 1.2t,注入后采用机械抽油。 5口井中有 3口井既增产油又减产水 ,1口井 (间开井 )连续生产。这 4口特重油井单井微生物吞吐试验获得成功。另 1口井产液量和产水量均大幅度上升 ,增产油量极微。同一层位的 5口井微生物采油效果相差很大 ,特别是微生物疏通出水层或通道 。The crude oils produced from reservoir in block Leng-43, Liaohe, are characterized by resin-asphaltene content 37 - 42%, wax content 5%, viscosity at 50℃ 9.6-43 Pa·s, and density 0.960-0.975 g/cm 3 and the last two characteristics are beyond the limits in some foreign regulations for MEOR to be applied. Two bacterial species of optimum growth temperature 40-60℃, Pseudomanos sp. LH-18 and Brevibacterium sp. LH-21 are suggested for this extra-heavy oil reservoir. With mixed bacteria of equal volume and a culture medium, the oil samples from 5 wells of the reservoir are fermentated on a table vibrator at 48℃ in 48 hrs and following results are obtained: decrease in oil viscosity by 26-65%; lowering surface tension of fermentation liquor by 10-19%; and change of liquor pH value from neutral to slightly acidic. The last two phenomenta indicate creation of some surface-active substances and acids during oil fermentation. The field trial bacterial treatments are performed 7 well-times in 5 wells at block Leng-43 with the same pay zones and of low productivity in cyclic steam stimulations. The mixed bacteria and culture medium are injected into the near wellbore zones of these wells in quantities 0.5-1.2 tones per well-time and oil production is started by artificial, mechanical lift after some shut-down time. Additional oil production and lowering water cut are observed in 3 wells of 5 and an intermittent well begins produce oil continuously. The cyclic bacterial injection for reservoir stimulation in these 4 extra-heavy crude wells is successful. Another well produces greatly increased quantities of both liquid and water with little additional oil. The reasons for large differences in the effects of bacterial treatments in the same zones of 5 wells and for relieving water passages of zones by bacteria, in particular, are objects to investigate.

关 键 词：微生物采油 试验 采油微生物 特重稠油油藏 混合菌种 辽河冷37块 

分 类 号：TE357.9[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]