高涡叶片叶冠堆焊耐磨层热影响区裂纹故障分析  

Analysis and troubleshooting of the HAZ cracks for high pressure turbine blade shroud hard-facing surfaces

作　　者：宋文清[1] 曲伸[1] 石竖鲲 高山[1] 李辉[2] 李想[3] 

机构地区：[1]中航工业沈阳黎明航空发动机(集团)公司,辽宁沈阳110043 [2]中国科学院金属研究所,辽宁沈阳110016 [3]沈阳工业大学,辽宁沈阳110870

出　　处：《电焊机》2014年第6期89-93,共5页Electric Welding Machine

摘　　要：某现役批产发动机工厂试车后,渗透检验发现多件高涡叶片位于叶冠堆焊耐磨层热影响区存在超标裂纹显示;同时工艺在生产中也出现了大批因同样裂纹超标而报废的高涡叶片。通过对故障叶片进行金相组织检查、扫描电镜断口分析,确定了故障性质为焊接热影响区液化裂纹,并为解决这一严重制约工艺生产的技术瓶颈,开展了一系列工艺试验和验证分析工作。经优化铸造工艺、调整焊接工艺、增加水冷夹具,并重新疏理了焊接检验方法和缺陷判定标准,最终解决了制约高涡叶片生产试车的技术难题,经后续生产的2 000余件高涡叶片耐磨层一次焊接合格率提升至95%以上,并连续跟踪高涡叶片外场使用情况未发现任何耐磨层质量问题。After the active batch - production aero - engine ran the ground test,the HAZ cracks were found on high pressure turbine shroud surfaces through penetrant inspection. Simultaneous lots of blades were rejected in production because of the cracks. This paper discussed the formation mechanism of the cracks by means of metallographic,fracture scanning analysis. The results showed that there were liquation cracks in the HAZ,so that a series of process tests were developed to prevent from the cracks,including the tests of casting process,welding process,cooling fixture,inspection measure and defect definition. In result,the technique problem was figured out,that the first - time qualified rate of the blade shroud hard - facing was raised to 95% throughout two thousands blades,and no quality problem was found in use.

关 键 词：叶冠 堆焊 过热 液化裂纹 

分 类 号：TG404[金属学及工艺—焊接]