蒲公英茶与叶的化学成分测定分析  

Determination and analysis of chemical compositions on Dandelion tea and leaves

作　　者：谢普军[1,2,3,4,5] 黄立新[1,2,3,4,5] 张彩虹[1,2,3,4,5] 游凤[1,2,3,4,5] 张耀雷[1,2,3,4,5] 孙国光 

机构地区：[1]中国林业科学研究院林业新技术研究所,北京100091 [2]中国林业科学研究院林产化学工业研究所 [3]生物质化学利用工程实验室 [4]国家林业局林产化学工程重点开放性实室 [5]江苏省生物质能源与材料重点实验室,江苏南京210042 [6]泗阳县杨树研究所,江苏宿迁223700

出　　处：《食品工业科技》2014年第15期346-351,共6页Science and Technology of Food Industry

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(CAFINT2013C04);"十二五"国家科技支撑计划(2012BAD32B10)

摘　　要：测定并分析3和5月份泗阳成品蒲公英茶,及4月份和6月份蒲公英叶的化学成分。采用杜马斯燃烧法、福林酚法、AlNO3法、苯酚-硫酸法、DNS法、HPLC法、GC-MS法、ICP-AES法和GB/T 6433-2006等方法,对所选原料中的粗蛋白、总多酚、总黄酮、水溶性总糖、还原糖、有机酸、粗纤维、粗脂肪及其挥发性组分、灰分和矿质元素进行测定分析。实验结果表明,蒲公英茶叶富含蛋白、总多酚和黄酮,且多糖含量较高而粗纤维和灰分含量较少。另外,有机酸种类丰富,包含有绿原酸、咖啡酸、香豆酸和没食子酸,且它们含量都较高,挥发性组分主要含脂肪酸、长链烷烃和不饱和烯烃,同时含有咖啡因和植醇等。此外,矿质元素中主要含Ca、K和P,不含As、Hg和Pb重金属元素。蒲公英叶是一种优良且营养丰富的药食同源天然资源,在食品、药品及化妆品领域将具有更广阔的应用前景。Chemical compositions of being produced tea by Dandelion leaves picked at March and May, from Siyang district were determined and analyzed.Dandelion leaves picked at April and June was also studied at the same conditions.Dumas combustion, Folins＇ method, Aluminium nitrate method, Phenolssulfate method, DNS, HPLC,GC-MS, ICP-AES and National standard method （GB/T d433-2006）etc., were employed to detect and analyze the compositions, such as crude protein, total phenols, total flavones, water-soluble polysaccharide, reducing sugar, organic acid, crude fiber, crude fat and volatile composition, ash content and mineral elements in the raw materials.The results showed that the dandelion tea and leaves were rich in protein, total phenols, total flavones and polysaccharides.However,crude fiber and ash content in the tea and leaves were little.Additionally,a wide variety of organic acid,i.e., chlorogenic acid,caffeic acid, coumaric acid and gallic acid were contained with high content.The volatile compositions mainly consisted of fatty acid, hydrocarbon with long chain fatty and olefins, also kind of caffeine and phenols.Besides,the minerals from the tea and leaves were sufficient for Ca, K and P, not possessing As, Hg and Pb of heavy metal elements.Dandelion leaf is excellent natural resource with homology of medicine,which has more extensive applications in the area of food, pharmaceutical and cosmetics in future.

关 键 词：蒲公英茶叶 干 鲜叶 化学成分 测定分析 

分 类 号：TS201.1[轻工技术与工程—食品科学]