心理传记学的概念、研究内容与学科体系  

The Concepts,Research Fields and Academic Subject System in Psychobiography

作　　者：郑剑虹[1] 

机构地区：[1]湛江师范学院心理学系暨心理传记学与生命叙事研究所,湛江524048

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第4期776-782,共7页Journal of Psychological Science

摘　　要：心理传记学是系统地采用心理学的理论和方法对个别人物的生命故事进行研究的一门学科。文章从心理传记学的人格学传统、精神分析传统、心理传记学与心理历史学的关系以及心理学的叙事转向对心理传记学的影响等方面论述了心理传记学的学科性质。并从学科历史发展的角度,将心理传记学的研究内容分为历史人物的心理传记学、在世人物的心理传记学和比较心理传记学三个方面。最后从理论层面探讨了心理传记学的学科体系,提出理论、案例和应用三位一体的未来学科体系初步构想。From the perspective of psychology and inter - disciplines, psychobiography can be defined in the following three ways.First, psychobiography is psychological knowledge applied to biography - a combination of psychology and biography, which emphasizesthe nature ofits interdisciplinarity. Secondly, it is life story research from a narrative approach. And thirdly, it is an idiographic methodof doing psychology. Taking a synthesized perspective based on the historical development of psychobiography, this study interprets psy-chobiography as a discipline which systematically uses psychological theories and methods to study the individual＇s life story. Given thatthe historical development of psychobiography has contained the tradition of personology and psychoanalysis, there is a close relation be-tween psychohistory and psychobiography. The ＂narrative turn＂ in psychology, moreover, has facilitated the booming of psychobiogra-phy. The research fields of psychobiography consist of three aspects, namely, psychobiography of historical figures, psychobiography ofa living person, and comparative psychobiography. Psychobiography of historical figures is still a mainstream research, and most of theresearch in psychobiography of living persons concerns political leaders. Comparative psychobiography is a new field which can be usedto compare multiple figures. It could be conducted to discover nomothetic and idiographic laws by using both quantitative and qualitativemethods. The academic subject system of psychobiography which consists of theories and cases has reached its full development. However,the applied research on psychobiography has not been conducted up to now. For instance, little has been done to explore its applicationon psychological counseling, education, and human resource management. With the accumulation of research knowledge on its applica-tion, a unity of theories, cases and applications will be the future direction for constructing the academic subject system of psychobiogra-phy.

关 键 词：心理传记学 心理历史学 比较心理传记学 叙事心理学 学科体系 

分 类 号：B84-05[哲学宗教—基础心理学]