广东省城市中学生自伤行为社会心理因素分析  

Psychosocial factors for non-suicidal self-injury among urban middle school students in Guangdong Province

作　　者：唐杰[1,2] 马颖 郭勇 刘慧燕 邢燕菲 陈艳琳[2] 余毅震[2] 

机构地区：[1]广州医科大学公共卫生学院,广东510182 [2]华中科技大学同济医学院公共卫生学院妇幼保健系 [3]广州市妇女儿童医疗中心

出　　处：《中国学校卫生》2014年第6期806-808,共3页Chinese Journal of School Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30972486);广州医科大学校基金资助项目(L135025)

摘　　要：目的了解广东省城市中学生自伤行为现状及社会心理因素,为预防和干预中学生自伤行为的发生提供科学依据。方法分层随机整群抽取广州市、阳江市、阳春市2 907名10～18岁的中学生,调查其自伤行为发生情况及社会心理因素。结果调查近1 a内有1次以上自伤行为者占31.2%。其中有5次及以上自伤行为（经常自伤行为）者占14.6%,男女经常自伤行为发生率分别为14.1%和15.1%,性别间差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.531,P=0.466）;自伤方式以拽头发、掐自己、打自己为主;单因素分析显示,经常自伤行为者（≥5次以上）及偶有自伤行为者（1～4次）人际关系归因得分（内控性、外控性）高于无自伤行为者（F值分别为14.813,40.456,P值均〈0.01）,而自尊得分低于无自伤行为者（F=30.364,P〈0.05）;多分类Logistic回归分析显示,偶有自伤行为与内控性、自尊、独生子女、性别有关;而经常自伤行为与外控性、自尊和独生子女有关（P值均〈0.05）。结论城市中学生自伤行为发生率较高,受人际关系归因、自尊、性别及独生子女等社会心理因素影响。Objective To understand psychosocial factors of non-suicidal self-injury（NSSI） among middle schools in urban areas of Guangdong Province,and to provide evidence for prevention of NSSI.Methods A total of 2 907 students with age range from 10 to 18 years old were selected by stratified random cluster sampling.Demographic information and psychosocial factors regarding NSSI were assessed by a self-reported questionnaire.Results During the past year,about 31.2% of the participants conducted NSSI at least on time,nearly 15% of students conducted NSSI 5 times or more.The prevalence rates of NSSI showed no gender differences,with boys and girls was 14.1% and 15.1%,respectively（χ2= 0.531,P = 0.466）.The main forms of self-injury in student were pulling out hair,hitting,pinching.NSSI was significantly associated with the scores of interpersonal attribution scale and self-esteem scale（P〈0.05）.Multinomial Logistic Regression analysis revealed that occasional self-injury was significantly associated with low internal control and self-esteem,only child in the family and male;while frequent self-injury was significantly associated with low external control and self-esteem,and only child in the family.Conclusion This study highlights a high prevalence rate of NSSI among urban areas in Guangdong Province,and indicates the importance of interpersonal attribution and self-esteem among middle school students.

关 键 词：自我伤害行为 精神卫生 回归分析 学生 

分 类 号：B848[哲学宗教—心理学] R395.6[医药卫生—医学心理学]