近代科学在我国的传播与科学教育之滥觞  

The Dissemination of Modern Science and the Origins of Science Education in China

作　　者：蔡铁权[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江师范大学课程与教学研究所

出　　处：《全球教育展望》2014年第8期111-120,共10页Global Education

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大研究课题"我国学校学科及教科书的历史演进"(项目编号:11JJD880015)的阶段性成果

摘　　要：自明末开始,西方的科学就被传入中国。到19世纪后期,近代科学和科学教育都在中国逐渐产生。但真正大规模地引入近代科学和科学教育,则是我国留学生通过有意识、有目的、主动地摄取和创建的,是他们经过不懈的交流、碰撞、吸收、融合和创新的结果。同时,也伴随着我国从传统学术的"四部之学"到"七科之学"的学术转型,专业科研机构的创立,专业社团的成立及其科学交流会议的召开,专业刊物的创办,科学家社会角色的出现,科学奖励机制的形成,科学教育体制的确定,审定科学技术译名,等等。这是一个漫长而曲折的过程,一次艰难困苦的经历,值得我们今天认真总结和引以为鉴。Westem science was introduced into China in late Ming dynasty, while modern science and science education gradually started and developed in China in the late 19th century. However, it is the Chinese overseas students that introduced real and extensive modem science and science education into China, by absorbing western modem science and science education consciously, purposefully and actively, as well as communicating, integrating and rebuilding to improve their development. At the same time, the paradigm of academy in China was transited from traditional four categories of Chinese classic works which are Confucian Masterpieces, Histories, Zi and the Collection to seven subjects including arts, science, law, agriculture, engineering, business and medicine, within the foundations of scientific research institutions, the establishments of professional unions and societies and their organizations of scientific conferences, the launching of professional magazines, the training of scientists, the formation of scientific encouraging and rewarding system, the foundation of science education institution, the ascertaining of translation of science and technology terminologies etc. It was a long, tortuous process, worth to be researched and learned from it in nowadays.

关 键 词：近代科学 科学教育 学术转型 科学制度化 教会学校 洋务学堂 

分 类 号：G529[文化科学—教育学]