增压器压气机水冷蜗壳设计及其内部流场分析  

Water Cooled Compressor Volute Design and Internal Flow Field Analysis

作　　者：王宪成 郭猛超 程江华[3] 胡力峰[3] 

机构地区：[1]装申兵工程学院机械工程系,北京100072 [2]总装西安军代局,西安710032 [3]中国北方发动机研究所,大同037036

出　　处：《内燃机工程》2014年第4期109-113,共5页Chinese Internal Combustion Engine Engineering

基　　金：军队科研项目(2011CJ016)

摘　　要：提出对柴油机涡轮增压器的压气机进行冷却的方法——在原压气机蜗壳外部加装散热片与冷却水道,从冷却系统散热器后取水,实现增压与中冷的集成。建立离心式压气机整级物理模型,根据基于有限元的有限体积法,采用全隐式多网格耦合求解技术对不同冷却程度下的压气机内部非定常流动进行三维CFD模拟,考察了蜗壳内部压力场、速度场与气体密度的分布,为高原进气水冷需求论证提供参考,增压台架试验验证了模拟的准确性。研究结果表明:若冷却水可以使压气机出口温度降低10.3℃,压比最大增加11.8%,效率增加11.1%,气体密度最大增加12.8%;同时,流场沿蜗壳流程分布没有压力集中与显著涡流的出现,说明压气机蜗壳设计合理。Limited by engine compartment, conventional turbocharger intercooler for increase of power density could not be incorporated into the vehicle used in plateau. Therefore, a integrated compressor with fins and water channel in the volute and cooled directly by water was put forward. The cooling water was taken at cooling system radiator downstream position. Physical model of the centrifugal compressor was established with the finite volume method based on finite element and used to study pressure field, velocity field and air density distribution in volute by fully implicit multi-grid-coupled three-dimensional CFD simulation technology, thus providing reference material for discussion of intake air water-cooling in plateau condition. Results show that when the cooling water make the compressor outlet temperature to lower by 10.3℃, the pressure ratio increases by 11.8%, isentropic efficiency rises by 11.1%, air density increases by 12.8% at most. The in-volute flow field distribution shows there is no pressure concentration and significant eddy, thus suggesting the compressor volute design to be reasonable.

关 键 词：内燃机 压气机 水冷蜗壳 流场 数值模拟 

分 类 号：TK421.8[动力工程及工程热物理—动力机械及工程]