Glial cells in neuronal development:recent advances and insights from Drosophila melanogaster  

作　　者：Jiayao Ou Yijing He Xi Xiao Tian-Ming Yu Changyan Chen Zongbao Gao Margaret S.Ho 

机构地区：[1]Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology,School of Medicine,Tongji University [2]School of Life Sciences,Tongji University

出　　处：《Neuroscience Bulletin》2014年第4期584-594,共11页神经科学通报（英文版）

基　　金：supported by grants from the National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program 2010CB944900 and 2013CB945602);the National Natural Science Foundation of China (31270825 and 31171043);Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities We thank members of the Ho lab for discussion and comments

摘　　要：Gila outnumber neurons and are the most abundant cell type in the nervous system. Whereas neurons are the major carriers, transducers, and processors of information, glial cells, once considered mainly to play a passive supporting role, are now recognized for their active contributions to almost every aspect of nervous system development. Recently, insights from the invertebrate organism Drosophila melanogaster have advanced our knowledge of glial cell biology. In particular, findings on neuron-glia interactions via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms have shed light on the importance of gtia during different stages of neuronal development. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functions of Drosophila glia, which resemble their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function, neural stem-cell conversion, synapse formation, and developmental axon pruning. These discoveries reinforce the idea that glia are substantial players in the developing nervous system and further advance the understanding of mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.Gila outnumber neurons and are the most abundant cell type in the nervous system. Whereas neurons are the major carriers, transducers, and processors of information, glial cells, once considered mainly to play a passive supporting role, are now recognized for their active contributions to almost every aspect of nervous system development. Recently, insights from the invertebrate organism Drosophila melanogaster have advanced our knowledge of glial cell biology. In particular, findings on neuron-glia interactions via intrinsic and extrinsic mechanisms have shed light on the importance of gtia during different stages of neuronal development. Here, we summarize recent advances in understanding the functions of Drosophila glia, which resemble their mammalian counterparts in morphology and function, neural stem-cell conversion, synapse formation, and developmental axon pruning. These discoveries reinforce the idea that glia are substantial players in the developing nervous system and further advance the understanding of mechanisms leading to neurodegeneration.

关 键 词：GLIA neuronal development GCM NEURODEGENERATION neural stem cell synapse formation axon pruning 

分 类 号：R329.2[医药卫生—人体解剖和组织胚胎学]