纳米金属氧化物对羊角月牙藻的毒性研究  

Effect of the typical metal oxide nanoparticles on the toxicity of the Selenastrumcapricornutum

作　　者：花文凤[1] 王大力[2] 高雅[2] 孔令云[2] 石恬恬[2] 林志芬[2] 张饮江[1,3] 

机构地区：[1]上海海洋大学水产与生命学院,上海201306 [2]污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室同济大学环境科学与工程学院,上海200092 [3]水域环境生态上海高校工程研究中心上海海洋大学,上海201306

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2014年第4期307-311,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(201177092;21377096);高等学校博士学科点专项科研基金课题(20100072110034985);中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金项目(0400219181);同济大学污染控制与资源化研究国家重点实验室自主研究(重点)项目(PCRRY11003)

摘　　要：纳米金属氧化物因其独特的性质被应用于很多工业领域,其本身所带来的环境安全问题已受到众多学者的关注。测定了16种纳米金属氧化物对羊角月牙藻的毒性效应。结果表明,不同纳米材料对羊角月牙藻生长的96 h半最大效应浓度(EC50)从大到小为ZnO、Pr6O11、Sm2O3、Nd2O3、Co3O4、CeO2、Fe3O4、SnO2、α-Fe2O3、CuO、Cr2O3、γ-Fe2O3、NiO、TiO2、WO3、ZrO2。除Sm2O3、CeO2、SnO2、TiO2和ZrO2外,比较其他11种纳米物质对羊角月牙藻和明亮发光杆菌的毒性效应,发现供试化合物对这两类生物的毒性效应之间存在较好的种间替代关系。同时比较了这两种受试生物间的毒性差异,它们对供试纳米金属氧化物颗粒的敏感性不同,羊角月牙藻对纳米金属氧化物更为敏感,因而提出光照和溶出离子可能是引起纳米金属氧化物对藻和发光菌产生毒性差异的影响因子。The present paper is concerned about the effects of the typical metal oxide nanoparticles on the toxicity of the Selenastrumcapricornutum. As a matter of fact, metal oxide nanoparticles （ MOX - NPs） is generally considered to be of tremendous importance in the fields of industry and engineering for its uniquely specific characteristics and in turn attracts great attention from the research circle in the field. However, its application involves serious risk of toxicity. In this article, we would like to determine 16 kinds of MOX - NPs for the acute toxicity of the Selenastrumcapricornutum, whose results have shown that different nanometer materials may have different kinds of toxicity to algae. In addition, the nanometer materials of the Selenastrumcapricornutumare may also have its haft maximum effect on the algal growth densities （EC50） which are different in the following de scending sequence in 96 hours： ZnO 〉 Pr6O11〉 Sm2O3 〉 Nd2O3 〉 Co3O4〉 CeO2 〉 Fe3O4 〉 SnO2 〉 α- Fe2O3 〉 CuO 〉 Cr2O3 〉 γ -Fe2O3 〉 NiO 〉 TiO2 〉 WO3 〉 ZrO2, except for Sm2O3 , CeO2, SnO2, TiO2 and ZrO2, among them. When comparing the toxicity of the other 11 kinds of nanometer materials to capricornutum and Photobacteriumphosphoreum, a linear correlation between the results of the P and the test above that of Selenastrumit is possible to find toxic effects on the In addition, it can also be found that there exists a certain correlation of substitution. Furthermore, nanoparticles of the metal oxide were found to have dif- ferent sensitivities by comparing the different degrees of the toxicity between these two aforementioned subjects, with Selenastrumcapricornutumbeing more sensitive. It is for this reason that light and ion dissolution may play an important function on the toxicity mechanism for algae and photobacteria in accordance with our comparative study of the toxicity differences of MOX - NPs to those species. How- ever, the eco-environmental toxic effect of the nanometer metal oxides should neve

关 键 词：环境学 纳米金属氧化物 羊角月牙藻 明亮发光杆菌 毒性效应 

分 类 号：X17[环境科学与工程—环境科学]