捕食者具有厌食性反应且食饵具有Allee效应的捕食系统  

The study for predator-prey system with Allee effect exist on prey and apositic reaction exist on predator

作　　者：王文婷[1] 王万雄[2] 

机构地区：[1]兰州交通大学数理与软件工程学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃农业大学理学院,兰州730070

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第16期4596-4602,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：甘肃省自然科学基金资助(1010RJZA127);科技部支撑项目(2007BAD88B07)

摘　　要：在Dubis动力系统的基础上,建立了具有Allee效应的捕食系统模型。对系统的稳定性进行了分析,受Allee效应的影响,食饵种群可能因为种群大小处于临界点以下而趋于灭绝。通过对系统进行模拟,结果表明:不受Allee效应的影响,系统的演化属于一种理想化的情形系统到达P(平衡)点的时间较不受Allee效应影响时系统到达P点的时间短,不利于生物的进化,而在Allee效应的影响下,系统的演化将达到一个平衡状态。由此,说明Allee效应为濒临灭绝物种的管理提供了重要的理论依据,对管理部门的决策有参考指导作用。Evolution takes place in an ecological setting that typically involves interactions with other organism. Predatorprey interactions are ubiquitous in nature. Such interactions have motivated various theoretical models of phenotypic eoevolution in prey-predator communities. One considered the ecological model was the Dubis predator-prey model without Alee effect. However, sometimes the prey population may have a decrease in per capita growth rate at low-density populations. In other word that is Allee effect results in the existence of a threshold density below which the population goes extinct. At low density, fecundity may decrease while mortality may increase because of a range of factors including difficulties in finding mates, social population growth dysfunction and inbreeding depression. These demographic changes lead to negative rates and ultimately push the population extinction. Many studies have demonstrated the potential importance of Allee effects for dynamics of small population, range expansion, community composition and biological invasion. It is widely accepted that Allee effects may increase the extinction risk of low density populations. Evolution suicide is likely outcome of the process. Therefore, it is important to study the coevolution of the phenotypes of predator and prey population subjected to Allee effects. Based on the system of Dubis, we formulate a Predator-prey model which the prey population has Allee effect. For the reason of Allee effect, the prey population will become extinct. Meanwhile we use Matlab made an analog on predator-prey system and get a conclusion on the influence of Allee effect. The system without Allee Effect is too sublimate to apply to the actual life and compare to the system without Allee effect, the system with Allee effect shortens the time of reaching stabilization. By simulating the phase field, we can see the system with Allee effect has very obvious differences than the system without Allee effect. The figure of the system with Allee effect likes a round

关 键 词：ALLEE效应 平衡点 稳定性 捕食系统 厌食性指标 

分 类 号：Q141[生物学—生态学]