应用膳食平衡指数评价新疆哈萨克族居民的膳食质量  

EVALUATION OF DIETARY QUALITY OF KAZAKH RESIDENTS IN XINJIANG BY USING DIETARY BALANCE INDEX

作　　者：顾秀瑛[1] 丁玉松[1] 郭淑霞[1] 冯刚玲[1] 张景玉[1] 木拉提[1] 

机构地区：[1]新疆石河子大学医学院预防医学系,石河子832003

出　　处：《营养学报》2014年第4期336-340,共5页Acta Nutrimenta Sinica

基　　金：兵团医药卫生专项(项目编号2011BA037);国家科技支撑计划项目(2009BAI82B04)

摘　　要：目的应用膳食平衡指数(dietary balance index,DBI)综合评价新疆哈萨克族居民的膳食质量和膳食结构中存在的问题,为开展膳食指导提供依据。方法采用24 h膳食回顾法,对新疆沙湾地区牛圈子牧场363名18岁以上的常住哈萨克族居民进行3 d膳食调查,采用DBI-07的评分及评价方法评价该人群的膳食质量。结果调查对象谷类、蔬菜、水果、奶类、豆类、肉类、蛋类、食盐和食用油的日均摄入量(g)分别为621.4、249.9、17.7、473.6、0.3、105.0、10.6、19.0和36.0;谷类、奶类、肉类日均摄入量高于推荐摄入的人数比例为85.7%、77.1%、54.0%;蔬菜、水果、豆类、蛋类的日均摄入量低于推荐摄入量的人数比例为66.7%、96.7%、99.7%和87.9%。膳食质量处于高度膳食失衡状态,且膳食质量的平均水平趋于摄入不足;不同性别、年龄的膳食质量没有统计学差异,但男性膳食质量均高于女性,30岁以下人群高于其他年龄段人群。共存在4种膳食模式(B、D、E、H),主要膳食为E模式(57.0%),其次是B模式(28.1%)。结论新疆哈萨克族居民谷类和畜肉类食物摄入过量,蔬菜水果、豆蛋类摄入严重不足,调味品的摄入均过量;需要通过宣传教育提高哈萨克族居民"合理、适量膳食"的健康意识。Objective To evaluate the overall dietary quality and pattern of Kazakh people in Xinjiang by using dietary balance index（DB1）. Methods During 3 d dietary survey, twenty-four hour （24 h） recall method was used in 363 Kazakh residents aged over 18 years in Niujuanzi rangeland of Shawan, Xinjiang. Dietary quality was evaluated by DBI-07 scoring and evaluating system. Results The average daily intakes of cereals, vegetables, fruits, milk, beans, meats, eggs, salt and oils were 621.4g, 249.9g, 17.7g, 473.6g, 0.3g, 105.0g, 10.6g, 19.0g and 36.0g, respectively, The average daily intakes of cereals, milk, meats, milk, were 85.7%, 77.1% and 54.0% higher than the recommended intakes; The average daily intakes of vegetables, fruits, bean,eggs were 66.7%, 96.7%, 99.7%, 87.9% below the recommended intake, respectively. The dietary quality of Kazakh residents was in bad banlance. The dietary pattern was not balanced; There was no statisticaly significant difference in different sex and age, but the dietary quality of men was better than that of women and residents under 30 years old group was better than other age groups in dietary scores. There were four dietary patterns in Kazakh residents （B, D, E, H）. Major dietary pattern was pattern E （57.0%）, followed by pattern B （28.1%）. Conclusion The intakes of cereals, meats and condiments were excessive; but the intakes of vegetables, fruits, soybean and egg were markedly insufficient. It is essential to improve the health consciousness of Kazakh residents about balanced diet by education.

关 键 词：膳食平衡指数 膳食质量 哈萨克族 膳食模式 

分 类 号：R151.4[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]