变性淀粉在不同工艺下对树脂甲醛释放量的影响  

Effect of Oxidized Starch on Free Formaldehyde under Different Processes

作　　者：孙瑾[1] 朱晓枫[1] 高振忠[1] 徐恩光 王晓波[1] 林锐航 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广州510642 [2]广州市质量监督检测研究院,广州510750

出　　处：《林业科学》2014年第7期143-148,共6页Scientia Silvae Sinicae

基　　金："双打"中游离苯乙烯测定与木材鉴定术语研究(2012104006-8)

摘　　要：以玉米淀粉为原料,利用α-淀粉酶及糖化酶对玉米淀粉进行酶解处理,再用过氧化氢对其进行氧化并通过强酸工艺于不同合成的阶段加入变性淀粉对脲醛树脂进行改性。结果表明：与未改性脲醛树脂中的游离甲醛含量（0.3%）相比,改性后的脲醛树脂游离甲醛含量降到0.12%∽0.179%之间,甲醛释放量从未改性前的4.3 mg·L-1降低到2.5∽1.0 mg·L-1不等。对改性前后的脲醛树脂固化后进行结构上的比较分析,结果表明：改性脲醛树脂游离甲醛含量和甲醛释放量的减少及胶合强度的变化,可能是由于变性淀粉的羧基与脲醛树脂结构中的氨基、亚氨基发生反应,导致葡萄糖五元环被引入到脲醛树脂结构中,同时羧基与羟甲基反应可生成酯键,羟基与甲醛反应在一定程度上也减少了甲醛释放量。In this paper, starch was modified by a-amylase, saccharifying enzyme, and hydrogen peroxide. Strongly acid process was used in this paper, the effect of modified starch （MS） addition during the synthesis of UF resins at different pH environments were investigated in detail. The addition of MS had good performance （0. 12% -0. 179% ） in reducing free formaldehyde compared with the unmodified UF （0.3%） , formaldehyde emission can reduce from （2.5 - 1.0 mg·L-1 ） to the unmodified UF 4.3 mg· L-1 Compared the structures of modified UF and the unmodified UF, the carboxyl in modified starch can react with amino group and imino group, which will introduce the glucose five-membered ring into the UF chain. And at the same time, the formation of ester group which was formed by the reaction between carboxyl and hydroxymethyl, the reaction between formaldehyde and hydroxyl in the glucose ring, in some way, also could introduce the glucose five-membered ring into the UF chain, which would play a role in the enhance of the bonding strength and reducing the formaldehyde emission.

关 键 词：变性淀粉 酶解 树脂 游离甲醛 甲醛释放量 胶合强度 

分 类 号：TQ433.431[化学工程]