城水相依显特色,排蓄并举防雨潦--古城水系防洪排涝历史经验的借鉴与当代城市防涝的对策  

HIGHLIGHTING CHARACTERISTIC URBAN CANAL SYSTEM AND PREVENTING WATERLOGGING BY DRAINAGE AND STORAGE SYSTEMS: LEARNING FROM HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND PROPOSING COUNTERMEASURES AGAINST WATERLOGGING FOR MODERN CITIES

作　　者：吴庆洲[1,2] 李炎[3] 吴运江[1,4] 刘小刚[3] 

机构地区：[1]华南理工大学建筑学院 [2]华南理工大学建筑历史文化研究中心 [3]华南理工大学建筑设计研究院 [4]华南农业大学水利与土木工程学院

出　　处：《城市规划》2014年第8期71-77,共7页City Planning Review

基　　金：国家自然科学基金“中国古代城市规划、设计的哲理、学说及历史经验研究”资助项目(50678070)暨国家自然科学基金“中国古城水系营建的学说及历史经验研究”资助项目(51278197)

摘　　要：分析了现代城市暴雨后产生内涝灾害的原因和解决城市内涝过程中面临的困境。通过借鉴古代城市水系"城壕环绕、河渠穿城、湖池散布"的布局方式和古城水系是"排蓄一体化"的重要基础设施等历史经验。结合当前城市排水系统的实际情况,提出城市排涝系统规划是一项构建"以城市水系为主体的大排水系统,以市政管网为主体的中排水系统和以城市各地块的‘排、蓄、渗’控制指标为主体的小排水系统"3个层面的内容为基础框架,协调、兼顾城市各相关分项规划为扩展,突出绿色、生态、源头控制、污染防治、建立良性可持续的水循环系统为目标的综合性规划。并贯穿于城市总体规划、分区规划、详细规划的整个过程。This paper analyzes factors causing urban waterlogging and the difficult position that the cities are in to solve this problem. Then it summarizes the historical experience which is worthy of learning, such as the layout of the urban canal system in ancient China： ＂moats looping around cities, canals flowing through cities, lakes and ponds distributed all over the city＂ and the urban canal system as the important infrastructure to both drain off and store water. Based on the current situation, it points out that urban waterlogging control planning is a comprehensive planning. Its basic framework consists of three fundamental aspects： a large drainage system with the urban canal system as the main part; a medium drainage system with the municipal pipeline system as the main part; and a small drainage system with the site control indicators of drainage, storage, and infiltration capability as the main part. This planning aims to coordinate and give due consideration to each relevant specific urban planning; to highlight green, ecology, headstream control, and pollution prevention; and to construct a sustainable water cycle system. It will participate in the whole process of city master planning, district planning, and detailed planning.

关 键 词：暴雨 城市内涝 城市水系 密度 断面 排涝规划 

分 类 号：TU998.4[建筑科学—市政工程]