植物脂氧合酶蛋白特性及其在果实成熟衰老和逆境胁迫中的作用  

Protein Characteristic of the Plant Lipoxygenase and the Function on Fruit Ripening and Senescence and Adversity Stress

作　　者：曹嵩晓[1] 张冲[1] 汤雨凡 齐红岩[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学园艺学院,设施园艺省部共建教育部重点实验室,辽宁省设施园艺重点实验室,沈阳110866

出　　处：《植物生理学报》2014年第8期1096-1108,共13页Plant Physiology Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(31272154)

摘　　要：脂氧合酶(lipoxygenase,LOX)作为植物脂肪酸氧化途径的关键酶,是多基因家族,在植物生长发育中起重要作用。本文综述了脂氧合酶的蛋白结构特征、催化反应的位置特异性、分类及其代谢途径,重点介绍了LOX代谢途径中的氢过氧化物裂解酶(hydroperoxide lyase,HPL)支路和丙二烯氧化物合酶(allene oxide synthase,AOS)支路,最后阐述了LOXs在植物成熟衰老和逆境胁迫中的作用,为通过基因工程手段改善果实品质以及提高植物抗逆性提供了一定的理论依据。Lipoxygenase （LOX） which belongs to a multigene familiy is a key enzyme of fatty acid oxidation pathway and plays important roles in growth and development in plants. Here the characteristics of LOXs, regio-specificity of catalytic reaction, classification and metabolic pathways were reviewed in this paper. In the LOX metabolic pathway, the hydroperoxide lyase （HPL） and allene oxide synthase （AOS） pathway were emphasized. Finally the function of LOXs on the fruit ripening and senescence and adversity stress were elaborated. The review will provide theoretical basis for improving fruit quality and plant stress resistance by genetic engineering.

关 键 词：脂氧合酶 蛋白特性 成熟衰老 逆境胁迫 基因家族 

分 类 号：Q946.1[生物学—植物学]