不同加工调制方法对废弃烟叶青贮品质的影响  

Effects of Different Processing and Modulation Methods on Silage Quality of Discarded Tobacco Leaf

作　　者：杨永平[1] 岳宁 彭云[1] 弓新国 易锋 安清聪[3] 潘洪彬[3] 李琦华[3] 

机构地区：[1]云南省烟草公司昆明市公司,云南昆明650011 [2]云南瑞升烟草技术(集团)有限公司,云南昆明650106 [3]云南农业大学,云南省动物营养与饲料重点实验室,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《西南农业学报》2014年第4期1741-1745,共5页Southwest China Journal of Agricultural Sciences

基　　金：云南省烟草公司计划项目:《提高优质烟叶供给能力-田间废弃鲜烟叶利用技术研究与应用》(计划文号云烟司[2011]173号)

摘　　要：为开发利用废弃烟叶资源,研究不同加工调制方法对废弃烟叶青贮品质的影响,以收获期的废弃新鲜烟叶为实验材料进行7种处理方法,以未处理的新鲜烟叶直接青贮为对照组(A组),各处理(实验)组烟叶水分含量均调整在66%~69%,分别为晾晒组(B组)、晾晒并添加0.30%食盐组(C组)、晾晒添加1.5 g/t青贮饲料调制剂组(D组)、鲜烟叶加20.5%米糠组(E组)、鲜烟叶加28.5%米糠和添加1.5 g/t青贮饲料调制剂组(F组)及鲜烟叶加20.5%米糠和添加0.5%柠檬酸组(G组),青贮45 d后检测烟碱、粗蛋白质、粗纤维、粗脂肪、粗灰分、钙、磷和水分含量及pH值,并对烟叶青贮进行综合评分。结果表明,各实验组的烟碱含量均比对照组有所下降,其中F组比A组下降达37.5%,实验组pH值均为4,干物质中粗蛋白质含量B、C、D组含量均比A组高,E、F、G组均比A组低,其中B组比A组高17.8%;粗纤维含量B、C、D组均低于A组,而E、F、G组均高于A组;粗脂肪含量B、C、D、E组均高于A组,F、G组均低于A组;粗灰分含量各实验组均低于A组,钙含量各实验组均高于A组,B组是A组的242.5%,磷含量B、G组低于A组,其余各组均高于A组;综合评分以A组最低,实验组中F组最高;烟叶青贮可明显降低烟碱含量,有效保持烟叶的营养成分,添加柠檬酸和青贮调制剂有利于改善烟叶青贮的品质。For development and utilization of discarded tobacco leaf resources, we used waste fresh tobacco leaves of harvest as experimental materials, unprocessed fresh tobacco leaf silage directly as the control group （ group A） to ~seareh the effects of different modulation meth- ods on the silage quality of disoanted tobacco leaf, the moisture content d each treatment group （experimental） tobacco leaf were adjusted to 66 % -69 %. At：ter 45 days we detected nicotine, crude protein, crude fiber, crude fat, crude ash, calcium, phosphorus and moisture content and pH, and comprehensive scoring was evaluated on tobacco leaf silage. The results showed that the nicotine content in the experi- mental group was decreased than that in the control group, which in group F decreased 37.5 % compared with group A. The pH values of all experimental groups were 4. Crude protein content in group B, C and D were higher than that in group A, which in group A were higher than that in Group E, F and G. Crude protein content in group B increased 17.8 % compa^d with group A. Crude fiber content in group B, C and D were lower than that in group A, group E, F and G were higher than that in group A. Crude fat content in group B, C, D and E were higher than that in group A, group F and G were lower than that in group A. Crude ash content in the experimental group was lower than that in group A. The calcium content in the experimental group were higher than that in group A, and group B was 242.5 % higher than that in group A. Phesphorus content of group G and B were lower than that in group A, which in other groups were higher than that in group A. group A was the lowest comprehensive score, group F was highest. Comprehensive results showed that silage could obviously reduce the nicotine content in tobacco leaves and maintain nutrition of tobacco leaves effectively, and adding citric acid and silage preparations could improve the quality of tobacco leaf silage.

关 键 词：新鲜烟叶 青贮 品质 影响 

分 类 号：S571.1[农业科学—茶叶生产加工]