铁道车辆液压减振器结构参数对其阻尼特性影响研究  

Research on Influence of Railway Vehicle Hydraulic Shock Absorber Structure Parameters on Damping Characteristics

作　　者：肖乾[1] 李清华[1] 王成国[2] 徐红霞[1] 张海[1,2] 米琳[3] 

机构地区：[1]华东交通大学载运工具与装备教育部重点实验室,江西南昌330013 [2]中国铁道科学研究院铁道科学技术研究发展中心,北京100081 [3]北京交通大学结构强度检测实验室,北京100044

出　　处：《铁道学报》2014年第10期21-27,共7页Journal of the China Railway Society

基　　金：国家科学自然基金(51005075);江西省教育厅科技项目(GJJ14359)

摘　　要：采用参数化建模的方法在Easy5环境下建立铁道车辆横向减振器液压控制模型,应用Adams和Easy5接口技术在Adams环境下建立减振器联合仿真模型。通过试验验证了两种模型的精确性。选取本文研究减振器主要结构参数,利用建立的模型通过数字试验全面分析各结构参数对阻尼特性的影响。研究结果表明:阻尼阀结构参数、活塞单向阀孔径、底阀孔径、活塞杆直径、节点刚度对减振器阻尼特性有较大影响;当超过减振器结构参数取值范围时会使阻尼特性曲线产生畸变现象。其中阻尼孔径、预紧力、通流孔孔径、活塞杆直径对减振器的卸荷特性有较大影响;减振器阻尼力的对称性主要决定于活塞杆的直径。The railway vehicle lateral damper hydraulic control model was established under the environment of Easy5 by using the parametric modeling method ,and the co-simulation model was established in the Adams en-vironment by using the Easy5 and Adams co-simulation interface technology .The accuracy of the two models was verified by experiments .Main damper structure parameters were selected and the influence of various structure parameters on damping characteristics was analyzed comprehensively with the established models through digital tests .The research results show as follows ：The damping valve structure parameters ,piston check valve orifice diameter ,bottom valve orifice diameter ,piston rod diameter and node stiffness have great influence on damping characteristics ;structure parameter values have limited ranges ,going out of ranges will cause distortion to the daming characteristic curve ;among the damper structure parameters ,the damping aper-ture dimension ,normal open aperture dimension ,piston rod diameter and preload force have great influence on the unloading characteristics ;damping force symmetry mainly depends on the diameter of the piston rod .

关 键 词：铁道车辆 液压减振器 阻尼特性 EASY5 

分 类 号：U270.3[机械工程—车辆工程]