从标记理论看《红楼梦》中“你我句”的使用  

Use of Sentences with "you" and "I" in Hongloumeng: From the Perspective of the Markedncss Theory

作　　者：张征[1] 周流溪[2] 

机构地区：[1]中南大学外国语学院 [2]北京师范大学外文学院

出　　处：《外语与外语教学》2014年第5期5-10,共6页Foreign Languages and Their Teaching

基　　金：湖南省哲学社会科学基金项目"<红楼梦>汉英版本人物换称的对比认知语用研究"(项目编号:09YBA163)阶段性成果;2009年度中南大学人文社科基金项目(中大社字[2009]4号)的阶段性成果

摘　　要："你"、"我"是最典型的人称代词。它们分别用于指称交际中最基本的两方,即说话人和受话人。本文以《红楼梦》前八十回的对话为研究文本,分析其中的一类特殊句子:"你我句",即在对话中直接使用"你"、"我"来指称受话人及说话人的句子。作者在语篇分析中运用标记理论从非标记性以及标记性两方面考察和研究《红楼梦》前八十回中"你我句"的语用规律。研究发现:"你我句"的使用依双方的权势关系与心理距离之不同而有差异;"你我句"的使用还与说话内容、情感因素、个性特点等因素相关。这种语篇学、语用学的观察对于深入理解《红楼梦》这部非一般的文学作品是会有帮助的。＂you＂ and ＂I＂ are the most typical personal pronouns. They are used to refer to the most basic parties of a communication process,i, e. the addresser and the addressee respectively. There is a kind of special sentences in which both the pronouns ＂you＂ and ＂I＂ are directly used in conversations in the first 80 chapters of Hongloumeng. In this study the authors have adopted the marked- ness theory to observe the unmarked and marked uses of the sentences with ＂you＂ and ＂I＂ in the conversations, and make a textual analysis of these sentences to see the pragmatic rules functioning in them. It is found that the power relation and the psychological distance between the interlocutors, as well as the content of the conversation, e- motional factors and personal characteristics, play relevant roles in the use of these sentences. Such a text-linguistic and pragmatic observation may offer some help in the deeper understanding of this extraordinary literary work.

关 键 词：“你我句” 《红楼梦》 标记性 语用规律 

分 类 号：H35[语言文字—俄语]