陕西泉护村古代黄牛的分子考古研究  

Molecular Archaeological Research on Ancient Cattle Excavated from the Quanhucun Site,Shaanxi

作　　者：蔡大伟[1] 胡松梅 孙洋 王炜林 周慧[1] 

机构地区：[1]吉林大学边疆考古研究中心,吉林长春市130012 [2]陕西省考古研究院,陕西西安市710054 [3]山东省石刻艺术博物馆,山东济南市250011

出　　处：《考古与文物》2014年第5期116-120,共5页Archaeology and Cultural Relics

基　　金：国家文物局文化遗产保护领域科学和技术研究项目(2013-YB-HT-025);科技部国家科技支撑计划项目(2013BAK08B03);国家基础科学人才培养基金项目(J1210007)

摘　　要：我们对陕西泉护村遗址出土的距今3000年左右的8个黄牛遗骸进行了线粒体DNA分析,成功地获得了5个古代黄牛序列。泉护村黄牛由T3和T4世系组成,其中T3世系占统治地位(80%)。中介网络分析,泉护村黄牛与5个北方早期青铜时代遗址古代黄牛密切相关,极有可能来自上述地区。此外,主成分分析表明泉护村黄牛与现代中国北方组黄牛的遗传关系最近,遗传结构呈现连续性。We conduct mitochondrial DNA analysis on eight cattle remains excavated from Quanhucun site dating to around 3000 years ago, and successfully obtained five sequences. The sequences of ancient cattle were composed of haplogroups T3 and T4, of which T3 was dominant （80%）. Phylogenetic network analysis indicates that Quanhucun cattle are relative to ancient cattle from five Early Bronze Age archaeological sites in Northem China, and may be from those areas. Principal component analysis indicate that ancient cattle had a close affinity to modem cattle in Northem China by presenting a continuity of genetic structure.

关 键 词：黄牛 普通牛 瘤牛 古DNA 线粒体DNA 

分 类 号：Q915[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] K878[生物学—古生物学]