高速铁路轮/轨材料匹配性能研究  

Investigation of the Matching Between Rail and Wheel with Different Materials for High-speed Railways

作　　者：钟雯[1] 董霖[1] 陈朴[1] 刘渝[1] 朱维兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]西华大学机械工程与自动化学院,四川成都610039

出　　处：《润滑与密封》2014年第10期33-36,共4页Lubrication Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(51405395);四川省教育厅自然科学基金面上项目(11ZB006);西华大学重点科研基金项目(Z1120224);重点实验室开放研究基金项目(Szjj2012 025)

摘　　要：在研究高速铁路钢轨/车轮材料时,提高钢轨或车轮材料硬度可减少磨损,但单方面提高钢轨或车轮材料硬度,会导致与之配合的车轮或钢轨损伤更为严重,因此研究轮轨的匹配问题十分重要。研究根据赫兹接触理论,在MMS-2A磨损试验机上模拟不同钢轨和车轮匹配时的服役过程,并采用扫描电镜观察磨损表面,分析不同材料轮轨匹配服役后的损伤情况。结果表明:随着钢轨材料的含碳量增加,其磨损量下降,但与其相配的车轮的磨损量却随之增加;随着模拟轮轨硬度比的增加,摩擦副的总磨损量呈上升趋势。因此,为了取得摩擦副整体优良的使用性能,应该选择适当的钢轨钢和车轮钢,以达到轮轨之间最佳的硬度匹配。It＇s found that the abrasion is reduced by improving the hardness of the rail or wheel materials when studying the materials for high speed railway rail/wheel. However, more serious damage is caused to the wheel or rail if only the hardness of the rail or wheel materials is improved. Therefore, it＇s very important to study the matching between the wheel and the rail. The rolling tests were performed using the MMS-2A computerized-control friction and wear testing machine without any lubricant. The wear behavior of rail and wheel with different materials was investigated by examining wear volume and wear scar using optical microscopy （OM） and scanning electronic microscopy （SEM）. The results indicate the wear volume of the rail is reduced with the increase of the carbon content of the rail, but the wear volume of the matching wheel is increased. With the increase of hardness ratio of imitated wheel to rail, the total wear volume of the frictional couple shows a rising trend. Therefore, in order to ensure the overall application performance of frictional couple, appropriate rail steel and wheel steel should be selected to realize optimal hardness matching between wheels and rails.

关 键 词：钢轨 车轮 硬度 匹配 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] TH117.1[机械工程—机械设计及理论]