中国3—12岁儿童膳食种类及摄入量调查  

Investigation on Dietary Consumption of Different Categories of Food Among 3—12 Year Old Children in China

作　　者：李子一[1,2] 张雅蓉[1,2] 王金子[1,2] 陈程[1] 张玉梅[1] 王培玉[2] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学公共卫生学院营养与食品卫生学系,北京100191 [2]北京大学公共卫生学院社会医学与健康教育学系,北京100191

出　　处：《中国食物与营养》2014年第9期78-82,共5页Food and Nutrition in China

摘　　要：目的:通过横断面调查,描述中国7个城市、2个农村儿童膳食模式现状。方法:采用多阶段随机整群抽样和立意抽样结合的方法抽取儿童1 774名,通过问卷调查获得其一般情况,通过膳食频率调查获得其膳食情况。结果:半年内从未摄入水产品的儿童比例最高。随着年级增高,儿童每日谷类、薯类、蔬菜、禽畜肉类摄入量上升,水果、乳类的摄入量下降。与农村儿童相比,城市儿童谷类、薯类、蔬菜、水果、蛋类、豆类的摄入量低,禽畜肉类、水产品、乳类及坚果的摄入量高。儿童油、盐的摄入量均偏高。与2002年相比,儿童谷类摄入量下降,而薯类、水果、蛋类、奶类、豆类和坚果的摄入量上升。结论:我国儿童膳食摄入存在城乡差异,奶类摄入偏低,而油、盐摄入偏高。Objective To describe the current status of dietary consumption of different categories of food among 3—12 year old children in 7 cities and 2 countries in China based on cross-sectional study. Method Totally 1 774 children were recruited using a combination of systematic cluster random sampling and purposive sampling. General information was collected through a self-designed questionnaire from the caregivers,and dietary status including frequency and the amount of intake each time was derived through Food Frequency Questionnaire.Result The percentages of children who never took aquatic products within half a year ranked the first places. With the grades increased,dietary intake of cereal,tubers,vegetable and meat increased,while that of fruits and dairy products decreased. Urban children took less cereal,tubers,vegetables,fruits,eggs,beans and more meat,aquatic products,dairy products and nuts than rural children. Both of oil and salt were higher than recommended. Compared to the data of the year of 2002,dietary intake of cereal was lower while intake of tubers,fruits,eggs,dairy products,beans and nuts was higher. Conclusion There was significant difference in dietary consamption between urlan and rural. Children took lower amount of dairy products,higher amount of oil and salt than recommended.

关 键 词：儿童 营养 膳食模式 摄入量 

分 类 号：R151[医药卫生—营养与食品卫生学]