“轴心时代”孔子思想的“哲学突破”  

“Philosophical Breakthrough”of Confucius' Thoughts in the Axial Era

作　　者：刘鹿鸣[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学中华文化研究院,江苏南京210093

出　　处：《扬州大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2014年第3期28-33,共6页Journal of Yangzhou University(Humanities and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：国家社科基金项目(12CZX026)

摘　　要：中国古代思想文化虽然在西周时期就已实现"人文转向",但真正揭明"性与天道"而确立儒家哲学基础的则是孔子,孔子对于儒家思想的建立具有根源性的意义。儒家的"轴心突破"即是孔子思想的"哲学突破",这个"突破"不是此前的"人文转向",而是从生命精神的根源上建立人文根基的"哲学突破"。此"哲学突破"在孔子自己称为"道",亦称为"仁",深层内涵为《论语》中的"性与天道"问题,其内容包含有形上学本体意义,由此开出了融合生命、家庭、社会和天道的儒家之道。孔子之前的儒家文化特质以"礼乐"为核心,孔子之后的儒家文化特质则转为以"仁义"为核心。Although the ancient thought and culture of China has witnessed its ＂humanism turning＂ in the Western Zhou Dynasty, it is Confucius who finally exposits ＂the nature and the Tao of heaven,＂ the philosophical foundation of Confucianism. The ＂axial breakthrough＂ of Confucianism is just the ＂philosophical breakthrough＂ of Confucius＇ own thought. Such a breakthrough is not like the ＂hu- manism turning＂, but constructs the foundation of humanism from the source of life＇s spirit. And Confucius himself calls it ＂Tao＂, and also ＂human-heartedness＂. The deep meaning of it is the prob- lem about ＂the nature and the Tao of heaven＂ in the Analects of Confucius and it contains the meta- physical meaning. Therefore, the Tao of Confucianism, combining life, family, society and the Tao of heaven, is created. The Confucianism before Confucius centres on ritual and music, and the one after him on human-heartedness and righteousness.

关 键 词：轴心突破 孔子 哲学突破 仁学 

分 类 号：B22[哲学宗教—中国哲学]