从西方叙事学到中国叙事学  

From West Narratology to Chinese Narratology

作　　者：傅修延[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西师范大学叙事学研究中心,江西南昌330027

出　　处：《中国比较文学》2014年第4期1-24,共24页Comparative Literature in China

摘　　要：经典叙事学的"语言学钦羡"后面是一味追求客观精密的"物理学钦羡",对叙事法则过分执着的追寻,导致西方叙事学在起步之后迅速由热闹归于冷清;后经典叙事学不再拘泥于脱离文学的语言学模式,"认知论转向"表明它已将研究重点由叙事语法调整为叙事语义,而"跨学科趋势"则强调叙事学与其他学科间的相互激荡。叙事学并非独属于西方的学问,中国学者在探索普遍的叙事规律时,不能像西方学者那样只关注西方的叙事作品,而应努力使其接上东方的"地气",这样它才可能发展成一门具有"世界文学"意味的学科。建设中国叙事学固然要吸取西方经验,但不能因为学习别人而将自己的传统视为"他者";没有走向全面复兴的时代大潮,没有历史创伤的痊愈和文化自信的恢复,就不会有今天中国叙事学的登堂入室。Underlying 'linguistic envy'in classical narratology is'physics envy'characterized by objectivity and preciseness,and the overemphasis on narrative rules resulted in its quick decline. Postclassical narratology,no longer limited by non-literary linguistic paradigm,features the 'cognitive turn'and interdisciplinarity. The former indicates a sw itch of its focus from narrative grammar to narrative semantics,and the latter underlines the mutual reinforcement of narrative studies and other disciplines. While exploring the universal narrative principles,Chinese scholars should not confine themselves to the w estern narrative w orks as the only research object. Instead,they should strive to gear their research to the'essence'of the oriental atmosphere,w ith a view to developing their research into a discipline w ith the style of 'comparative literature'. The necessity of studying w estern experience in the establishment of Chinese narratology does not justify our treating our ow n tradition as the'otherness'. The present booming of Chinese narratology cannot be separated from the comprehensive rejuvenation of the Chinese tidal w ave,nor can it be separated from the cure of our historical w ounds or the restoration of our cultural confidence.

关 键 词：叙事学 叙事传统 经典 后经典 

分 类 号：I0-03[文学—文学理论]