车轮动力吸振器对城轨列车噪声抑制效果试验研究  

Experimental Study on Noise Suppression Effect of Wheel's Tuned Mass Damper to Metro Vehicle

作　　者：郭涛 

机构地区：[1]唐山轨道客车有限责任有限公司,河北唐山063035

出　　处：《机车电传动》2014年第5期73-77,共5页Electric Drive for Locomotives

摘　　要：为分析研究车轮动力吸振器运行条件下的噪声抑制效果,根据标准ISO3095—2005、ISO3381—2005、GB/T 5111—2011和GB/T 3449—2011开展了装配和拆除车轮动力吸振器2种工况下,城轨列车车内、外噪声线路测试。结果表明：该车轮动力吸振器对车内噪声抑制效果不明显,甚至还会略微增大车内噪声,其噪声抑制效果为-0.7-1.5 dB;对城轨列车车外噪声抑制效果较好,有1.2-3.1 dB的噪声抑制效果。该车轮动力吸振器对1 000 Hz以上频率的轮轨噪声有良好的抑制效果,且随频率增高效果越显著。对100 Hz以下低频区段,其噪声抑制作用为负,会增加该频率区段的噪声水平。近场车轮噪声测点与7.5 m远1.2 m高车外标准测点,两者的降噪值和频谱变化特性均很相近,因此,在车外线路噪声测试实施困难的情况下,可采用车轮近场噪声测试方法来替代评价分析阻尼车轮对车外噪声的抑制效果。相关结果可为低噪声车轮设计和低噪声车轮降噪效果评价提供参考和依据。In order to study the noise reduction effect of wheel＇s tuned mass damper, the train＇s pass by and interior noise were measured with and without wheel＇s tuned mass damper respectively according to the standard ISO3095-2005, ISO3381-2005, GB/T 5111-2011 and GB/T 3449-2011. The measurement results showed that, the wheel＇s tuned mass damper had no obvious noise reduction effect on the interior noise, and even slightly increased interior noise, the noise suppression effect of which was-0.7dB-1.5 dB; The existence of the wheel＇s tuned mass damper had a better noise reduction on the pass by noise, the noise reduction level of which reached 1.2dB-3.1dB. For the frequency noise reduction property, the wheel＇s tuned mass damper was effective for frequencies above 1000 Hz. But for the frequency below 100 Hz,the noise reduction effect appeared negative and increased the noise energy of corresponding frequency. At the same time, the noise reduction level and frequency property were similar for the near field sound radiation of the wheel and the pass by noise located at horizontal 7.5m and vertical 1.2m. This phenomenon indicated that, when the pass by noise was difficult to measure, the wheels＇ near field sound radiation noise measurement could be used to evaluate the noise reduction effect of the low noise wheel on the pass by noise, which provided reference for low-noise wheel design and evaluating its noise reduction effect.

关 键 词：车内噪声 车外噪声 噪声抑制 动力吸振器 低噪声车轮 城轨列车 

分 类 号：U211.5[交通运输工程—道路与铁道工程] U260.16[机械工程—车辆工程]