鹅源草酸青霉发酵鸡粪工艺的研究  

Study on the Technological Conditions of Penicillium oxalicum Currie&Thom from geese fermenting chicken manure

作　　者：徐东枫 王宝维[1] 姜晓霞[1] 张名爱[1] 葛文华[1] 岳斌[1] 张开磊[1] 

机构地区：[1]青岛农业大学优质水禽研究所,国家水禽产业技术体系营养与饲料功能研究室,山东青岛266109

出　　处：《家禽科学》2014年第10期8-13,共6页Poultry Science

基　　金：国家水禽产业技术体系专项基金(CARS 43-11)

摘　　要：为了利用微生物发酵鸡粪生产高质量的有机肥料,为鸡粪资源的合理利用和减少环境污染提供有效的解决途径。本文以从五龙鹅肠道分离的草酸青霉为发酵菌株,通过对鹅源草酸青霉发酵鸡粪生产生物肥料和减少环境污染的研究,来探讨发酵鸡粪的工艺条件。结果表明:利用草酸青霉为发酵菌株发酵鸡粪,使鸡粪中的氮、无机磷、有机质的含量分别提高12.13%、74.7%、15.6%;粗纤维的含量降低39.15%;氨气浓度降低了55.12%;发酵后的鸡粪大肠杆菌菌值为0.04,明显高于未发酵鸡粪(0.0004);寄生虫卵死亡率为96%。通过正交优化试验确定的发酵鸡粪的工艺为:氮增幅最大时的发酵时间为60h,料水比为1:2,料层厚度为45cm,发酵温度为32℃;无机磷增幅最大时的发酵时间为60h,料水比为1:2,料层厚度为35cm,发酵温度为32℃;氨气浓度降低幅度最大时的发酵时间为60h,料水比为1:3,料层厚度为35cm,发酵温度为32℃。In order to produce high-quality organic fertilizer,offer an effective solution of using chicken manure resources reasonably and reducing environmental pollution,the method using microbiology fermentation to produce high-quality organic fertilizer was explored.Penicillium Oxalicum Currie＆amp;Thom from geese was used which was separated from Wulong Goose ＆#39; s intestinal as fermentation strains to explore technology conditions of chicken manure fermentation through the study on how to produce high-quality organic fertilizer and how to reducing environmental pollution.The results showed that,using penicillium oxalicum as fermentation strains could increase content of nitrogen,at the same time,content of inorganic phosphorus and organic matter in chicken manure could increase 12.13%,74.7%,15.6%,and crude fiber ＆#39; s content reduced 39.15%,and ammonia concentration reduced 55.12%;colititer in the fermented chicken manure was 0.04, obviously higher than not fermented chicken manure （0.0004）;parasitic ovum mortality was 96%.So we could determine technology fermentation conditions through the orthogonal test： when nitrogen ＆#39; s increased range reached the max point, the most appropriate fermentation time was 60h,and material to water was 1：2, material thickness 45cm, temperature 32℃;when inorganic phosphorus＆#39;s increased range reached the max point, the most appropriate fermentation time was 60h,and material to water 1：2,material thickness 35cm, temperature 32℃;when ammonia concentration reduced range reached the max point, the most appropriate fermentation time was 60h,and material to water was 1：3,and material thickness 35cm, temperature 32℃.

关 键 词：鹅源草酸青霉 鸡粪 发酵 工艺 

分 类 号：X713[环境科学与工程—环境工程]