一种混合型前瞻记忆的干扰效应的神经机制  

Neural Correlates of the Interference Effect of a Type of Mixed Prospective Memory

作　　者：陈幼贞[1] 孟迎芳[1] 袁宏[2] 杨丽娴[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建师范大学教育学院心理学系,福州350007 [2]西南大学心理学部,重庆400715

出　　处：《心理科学》2014年第5期1073-1078,共6页Journal of Psychological Science

基　　金：教育部人文社科规划基金项目(12YJA190002);福建师范大学优秀青年骨干教师培养基金(fjsdjk2012005)的资助

摘　　要：采用3（任务类型）×2（时段）被试内实验设计,对比一种混合型前瞻记忆（MPM）和事件性前瞻记忆（EBPM）在不同时段对进行中任务的干扰效应的神经机制。结果表明,在目标出现的时段,MPM对进行中任务有干扰效应,额区电极最活跃且电压最高;在非目标时段MPM无干扰效应,但刺激出现后200～300ms额区电极较活跃。说明前瞻记忆任务在大脑中可能处于较高的激活状态,额叶灵活地调配意识的不同状态在MPM中参与的程度和时段。Prospective memory（PM） refers to the task of remembering to perform an intended action at some point in the future. PM is divided into event-based prospective memory（EBPM） and time-based prospective memory. However, there are other forms of complicated PM in real life, one of which is that intended action is based on target event（i.e., PM target） and the time of PM targets occurrence is known. This form of PM is called mixed time-based and event-based prospective memory（MPM）. There is no research on the neural correlates of this form of MPM. This study aimed to examine brain activity related to MPM with event-related potentials（ERPs） technique. Fifteen junior undergraduates（eight female, seven male） aged 18～22 years（M=19.7） participated as paid volunteers. A typical paradigm for studying prospective interference effect was used in this experiment. Three conditions were tested. Subjects merely performed 1-back task in the baseline condition and should perform PM task and 1-back task in the 2 PM conditions. In the MPM condition subjects were told when the PM target（animal words） would occur, whereas in the EBPM condition, when the PM target would occur was unknown. The reaction time of MPM was signifi cantly faster than that of EBPM, and the accuracy of MPM was signifi cantly higher than that of EBPM. Reaction time and the neural correlates of 1-back task of the 3 conditions were also analyzed. As subjects were told that PM targets appeared after 10 minutes in the MPM condition and they could estimated that the target time interval was in the third block. All tasks were examined by 2 time intervals. The fi rst and second block was named non-target time interval and the third block was named target time interval. Results showed that the reaction time of 1-back task in the baseline was signifi cantly faster than that in all blocks of the EBPM condition but only faster than that in the target time of the MPM condition, which means preparatory attentional process was engaged in PM ta

关 键 词：事件性前瞻记忆 混合型前瞻记忆 前瞻干扰效应 神经机制 

分 类 号：B842.3[哲学宗教—基础心理学]