海德格尔此在形而上学基本思想探析  

An Exploratory Analysis of the Gist of Heidegger's Dasein Metaphysics

作　　者：李蜀人[1] 

机构地区：[1]西南民族大学政治学院,四川成都610041

出　　处：《陕西师范大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第5期28-35,共8页Journal of Shaanxi Normal University(Philosophy and Social Sciences Edition)

基　　金：西南民族大学研究生学位点建设项目(2013XWD-S0101)

摘　　要：存在问题一直是西方形而上学研究的基本问题。西方传统形而上学对存在问题的研究使得西方哲学走了一条抽象而思辨的歧途上去了,远离了形而下学的社会和人生。为了填平形而上学与形而下学之间的巨大分裂,海德格尔为此做出过巨大的努力,提出了此在形而上学思想。由于"此在"(Dasein)的本质是去存在而不是现存存在,"此在"必然就具有康德意义上的先验性。这样的先验性是西方形而上学的典型特征。从这种意义上说,海德格尔对"此在"分析的基础存在论就可以视为他的形而上学的基本思想。"此在"的存在是通过在世界之中的形而下学的"生存"展现出来的。对"操心"、"沉沦"等生存状态分析的生存论便是海德格尔形而下学思想。海德格尔的基础存在论和他的生存论都是以"此在"为基础的。这样形而上学与形而下学便在"此在"的基础上统一起来,从而海德格尔完成了他的现代西方形而上学的重构。这一重构为现代西方形而上学的发展开启了一个崭新的方向。Studies of existence by traditional western metaphysics made western philosophy take a wrong path of abstract speculation,gong far off from physical society and life. Heidegger made enormous efforts to bridge the vast gap between metaphysics and physics by introducing his metaphysical theory of dasein. However,since his dasein was past but not present,it must be of apriority in Kant＇s sense,which is typical of western metaphysics. In this connection,Heidegger＇s basic existentialism in his analysis of ＂dasein＂can be regarded as the gist of his metaphysics and the existentialism by which he analyzed such existing situations as ＂worry＂and ＂degradation＂can be taken as his physical thought. Heidegger based his fundamental ontology and existentialism both on dasein,thus offering a common basis for metaphysics and physics. In this way,he completed the reconstruction of modern western metaphysics,opening a brand-new orientation for its advancement.

关 键 词：海德格尔 西方形而上学 此在 

分 类 号：B516.54[哲学宗教—外国哲学]