基于“病例分析与讨论”教学方法在全科医生培养的效果评价  

Evaluation of a "case analysis and discussion" based method in the training process among general medicine practitioners

作　　者：董会卿[1] 张纪红[1] 魏欣[1] 王玉平[1] 

机构地区：[1]首都医科大学宣武医院神经内科,北京100053

出　　处：《武警后勤学院学报（医学版）》2014年第10期836-838,共3页Journal of Logistics University of PAP（Medical Sciences）

基　　金：北京市科委首都市民健康项目培育(Z131100006813020)

摘　　要：【目的】探讨基于"病例分析与讨论"的教学方法对于培养全科医生的教学效果。【方法】以全科医学专业本科学生为研究对象,试验组采取基于"病例分析与讨论"教学方法,对照组应用传统教学方法。前者以典型病例为主线穿插介绍疾病的基本理论,学生分小组讨论分析问题、解决问题,教师也参与小组讨论。并通过测试法和问卷调查法评价两种教学方法的教学效果。【结果】试验组学生的考试总成绩(80.05±4.56)分,实践技能成绩(75.85±3.58)分,对照组学生考试总成绩(74.55±3.43)分,实践技能成绩(68.85±2.68)分,试验组显著优于对照组;理论考试成绩在两者之间无显著性差异。70%及以上学生认为,基于"病例分析与讨论"教学方法能更好的加深疾病理解、提高临床实践能力、提高体格检查水平、加强医患沟通能力、激发学习兴趣、有助于临床思维建立、有助于科研思维建立。【结论】基于"病例分析与讨论"教学方法在全科医生培养中有更好的教学效果。【Objective】To evaluate the effect of the ＂Case Analysis and Discussion＂ teaching methods in general practitioner.【Method】To randomly select two classes of students majoring in general medicine of Capital Medical University,and divided them into experimental and control groups.The control group used the traditional teaching method,and the experimental group used the ＂Case Analysis and Discussion＂ teaching method.The new teaching method used abundant typical cases of certain disease to introduce the basic knowledge of the disease.Then,students were divided into groups and discussed.When they encountered questions,they could discuss with each other and access to books or documents.The teacher participated in the discussion also.After the lectures,we evaluated the effect of the ＂Case Analysis and Discussion＂ teaching methods with tests and questionnaires.【Results】Students in experimental group got significantly higher scores in basic knowledge test and the practical test.70% or more students thought the new teaching method could help them in understanding the knowledge deeply,improving clinical practice and the physical examination level,learning about communication with patients,stimulating interests in learning,building up ways of thinking for clinical practice and scientific research.【Conclusion】 ＂Case Analysis and Discussion＂ teaching method has a better effect in teaching for general practitioners.

关 键 词：全科医学 教学方法 效果评价 

分 类 号：C42[社会学]