土壤施硒对黑豆和黄豆硒质量分数及产量的影响  

Effects of Selenium Fertilization on the Yield and Selenium Mass Fraction of Black Soya Beans and Soyas

作　　者：铁梅[1] 韩杰[1] 李宝瑞[1] 刘阳[1] 高俣[1] 张安宁[1] 李华为[2] 

机构地区：[1]辽宁大学环境学院,沈阳110036 [2]沈阳师范大学化学与生命科学学院,沈阳110034

出　　处：《西北农业学报》2014年第10期90-96,共7页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-occidentalis Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30671176);辽宁省科技厅项目(2011205001)

摘　　要：采用大田小区试验方法对黑豆和黄豆进行富硒栽培试验,研究硒对黑豆和黄豆产量、品质等的影响。结果表明,土壤施硒可以明显地提高黑豆和黄豆中总硒的质量分数,土壤施硒质量分数为0-250mg·kg^-1时,黑豆和黄豆中总硒质量分数可达129-1 118和125-1 092μg·kg^-1。土壤中施加硒质量分数为10-100mg·kg^-1时,黑豆和黄豆的出芽率和产量与对照组相比均有所增加;在硒质量分数为60mg·kg^-1时,黑豆和黄豆的出芽率和产量均达到最大值,分别为78.33%和54.79%,最高增产率为21.61%和28.19%;而后随着土壤中施加硒质量分数的增加,黑豆和黄豆的出芽率和产量与对照组相比均有所下降。硒质量分数较低时（10-40mg·kg^-1）,不利于黑豆和黄豆中蛋白质的积累,且在硒质量分数为40mg·kg^-1时,黑豆和黄豆中蛋白质质量分数均达到最低值,较对照组分别减少20.67%和10.92%;随着硒质量分数的增加（60-250mg·kg^-1）,黑豆和黄豆中蛋白质质量分数开始逐渐增多,当硒质量分数为250mg·kg^-1时,黑豆和黄豆中蛋白质质量分数积累最多,较对照分别提高1.38倍和1.22倍。由富硒黑豆和黄豆中可溶态硒的提取结果可知,在富硒黑豆和黄豆中,碱溶态〉酸溶态〉Tris-HCl态〉盐溶态〉水溶态。可见,黑豆和黄豆都具有一定的富硒能力,硒能在一定条件下使黑豆和黄豆增产,促进大豆蛋白质的积累,且在酸或碱性介质中更有利于硒的迁移转化,可溶性的有机硒质量分数较高。黑豆和黄豆富硒可大幅提高其营养价值,为进一步开发利用富硒大豆提供科学的理论依据。Field experiment was carried out to study tile effect of selenium on yield and quality of black soya bean and soya. The results showed that adding selenium to the soil can significantly improve the total selenium content of black soya beans and soyas. This experiment consisted of 10 treatments：0, 10,20,40,60,80,100,150,200 and 250 mg· kg^-1 of NaSeO3. The total selenium content of black soya bean and soya can reach 129-1 118 μg · kg^-1and 125-1 092 μg · kg^-1. Compared with the control group the sprouting rate and yield of black soya bean and soya increased. Sprouting rate can reach 78. 33% and 54.79% respectively. With the increasing of selenium applied in soil the sprouting and yield of black soya bean and soya declined. Under low concentration of selenium （10--40 mg · kg^-1）, the protein content of black soya bean and soya were decreased. When the selenium fertilization was 40 mg · kg^-1, the protein content of black soya bean and soya reached a minimum value, reduced by 20.67% and 10. 920%. High concentrations of selenium （60--250 mg · kg^-1 ） , the protein content of black soya bean and soya gradually increased. When the selenium fertilization was 250 mg · kg^-1, the protein content of black soya bean and soya reached maximum, increased by 1.38 times and 1.22 times of the control group. Based on the results of soluble selenium extraction in black soya bean and soya, the selenium content in alkali-soluble fraction） acid soluble fraction 〉 Tris-HC1 soluble fraction 〉 salting soluble fraction〉 water soluble fraction. The results indicated that black soya bean and soya have a certain ability of selenium enrichment. Under certain conditions, selenium can increase black soya bean and soya production, increase the protein contents, and acid or alkaline medium is more conducive for migration and transformation of selenium, which produces a higher soluble organic selenium content. Enriched selenium can significantly improve the nutritional value of black soya bean and soya and the results

关 键 词：硒 黑豆 黄豆 蛋白质质量分数 产量 

分 类 号：S529[农业科学—作物学]