自发气调包装对采后“红富士”苹果果皮色素及其相关酶活性的影响  

Effect of Modified Atmosphere Packaging on Peel Pigment and Activity of Related Enzymes of‘Red Fuji'Apple During Postharvest Storage Days

作　　者：李秀芳[1] 韩寿坤[1] 段琪[1] 赵彦华 饶景萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北农林科技大学园艺学院,陕西杨凌712100 [2]陕西华圣果业公司,陕西西安710021

出　　处：《北方园艺》2014年第22期121-127,共7页Northern Horticulture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划资助项目(2013BAD19B04);国家现代苹果产业技术体系专项资助项目(CARS-28)

摘　　要：以"红富士"苹果为试材,在(0±1)℃贮藏条件下,分别采用聚氯乙烯袋(PVC,厚度为0.03mm)包装处理(MAP)和不包装处理(对照),研究MAP对苹果果皮色素花青苷、叶绿素、类胡萝素含量及色泽指标(果皮光泽的明亮度、果皮色泽比)的影响,以及花青苷含量变化与其合成相关酶[苯丙氨酸解氨酶(PAL)、查尔酮异构酶(CHI)、二氢黄酮醇还原酶(DFR)、类黄酮-3-O-葡萄糖基转移酶(UFGT)]及降解相关酶[多酚氧化酶(PPO)、过氧化物酶(POD)]活性的变化。结果表明:与对照相比,MAP抑制贮藏期间叶绿素降解及贮藏前期花青苷的积累,延缓类胡萝素的积累及花青苷的后期降解;延缓果实色泽亮度L*及色泽比a*/b*的下降;贮藏期间花青苷的合成与PAL、UFGT活性变化有关,与CHI、DFR活性变化不相关;贮藏期间花青苷降解相关酶PPO、POD活性都呈现先上升后下降的趋势,MAP抑制果皮PPO活性的升高,MAP明显抑制贮藏前期果皮POD活性的上升及贮藏后期POD活性的下降。在采后贮藏过程中,自发气调包装(MAP)有利于延缓"红富士"苹果果皮底色黄化和红色色素的降解,可较好地保持外观品质。Taking ‘Red Fuji’apple as material,stored under the temperature at（0±1）℃,using 0.03 mm polyvinyl chloride bags packaging（MAP）and unpacked treatment（control）,apart from this,MAP treatment should be sealed,then the effect of MAP on the content of pigment anthocyanin,chlorophyll,carotenoids and color indicators（L＊,a＊/b＊）of‘Red Fuji’apple peel were studied,and changes of anthocyanin biosynthesis enzymes（PAL,CHI,DFR,UFGT）activity and anthocyanin degrading enzymes（PPO,POD）activity on the MAP conditions were further researched.The results showed that compared with control,MAP treatment significantly（P〈0.05）inhibited the degradation of chlorophyll during storage days and anthocyanin accumulation during early storage days,significantly（P〈0.05）delayed the accumulation of carotenoids and the degradation of anthocyanins during later storage days;retarded color indicator lustre and color ratio a＊/b＊declined significantly（P〈0.05）;during postharvest storage,anthocyanin accumulation was related with the activities of PAL,UFGT,unrelated with the activities of CHI,DFR;MAP significantly（P〈0.05）inhibited the increasing of PPO activity and POD activity in apple peel during early storage and deferred the decreasing of POD activity during later storage days.During postharvest storage days,the method of modified atmosphere packaging storage could keep better external quality by delaying peel background etiolation and red pigment in peel degradation of‘Red Fuji’apple.

关 键 词：气调包装 苹果 果皮色素 花青苷 

分 类 号：S661.109.3[农业科学—果树学]