填饲对黑羽番鸭产肝性能、组织营养成分、肝脏组织学及脂调控基因表达水平的影响  

Measurement of liver performance,nutrient composition,histology and adipogenic genes transcriptional expression of black Muscovy ducks in response to overfeeding

作　　者：王健[1] 朱振鹏[2] 董飚[1] 龚道清[2] 卞友庆[1] 王利刚[1] 左伟勇[1] 

机构地区：[1]江苏农牧科技职业学院/国家级水禽基因库,江苏泰州225300 [2]扬州大学动物科学与技术学院,江苏扬州225009

出　　处：《南京农业大学学报》2014年第6期149-154,共6页Journal of Nanjing Agricultural University

基　　金：江苏省"333工程"资助项目(苏人才〔2011〕15);江苏省"青蓝工程"资助项目(苏教师〔2012〕39)

摘　　要：通过对不同填饲期黑羽番鸭产肝性能测定、肌肉和肝脏营养成分分析、肝脏组织学观察,以及脂调控基因的表达检测,探讨黑羽番鸭肝脂肪代谢规律。选取140只体质量相近的12周龄健康黑羽番鸭（公母各半）作为试验动物,其中40只作为对照。填饲期为16 d,采用单人机械填饲方法。填饲饲粮选用煮至6~7成熟的陈年玉米,沥干后趁热拌入12 g·kg^-1油脂、7.5 g·kg^-1食盐和1 g·kg^-1复合维生素,对照组正常饲喂。结果表明：黑羽番鸭填饲16 d后,公番鸭肝质量平均为308.91 g,母番鸭肝质量平均为135.86 g,差异极显著（P〈0.01）;填饲组肝脏的脂肪含量为51.83%,对照组为8.36%,填饲极显著提高了黑羽番鸭肝脏的脂肪水平（P〈0.01）;填饲黑羽番鸭肝脏细胞膨大,肝细胞质内充满大小不等的脂肪滴;填饲显著提高了黑羽番鸭肝脏中脂肪酸合成酶（FAS）、乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）和甘油磷酸酰基转移酶（GPAT）基因的相对表达量（P〈0.05）,显著降低了微粒体甘油三酯转运蛋白（MTTP）和载脂蛋白B（ApoB）基因的相对表达量（P〈0.05）;随着填饲的进程,检测到肝脏中的FAS、ACC、MTTP、ApoB、GPAT等脂调控基因的相对表达量均有所提升。结论：番鸭具有良好肥肝生产性能;填饲使黑羽番鸭肝脏脂肪水平极显著升高;在填饲过程,肝脏中FAS、ACC、MTTP、ApoB和GPAT基因的表达对黑羽番鸭脂代谢网络调控发挥作用。This paper aims to investigate metabolism of fat through conducting an experiment to measure and analyze liver performance,nutrient composition of liver and muscle,and histology of liver and mRNA expression level of lipogenic genes during overfeeding stages.140 twelve-week-old healthy black Muscovy ducks（ half male and half female） with similar body weight were assigned into 2 group. 40 black Muscovy ducks as control group was fed ad libitum,the experiment group was overfed and overfeeding period lasted for 16 days.The same diet was added and overfeeding quantify the amount identically for ducks. After boiling the aged core kernels in the water pot were removed and drained,12 g·kg^-1hotted goose fat,7. 5 g·kg^-1salt and 1 g·kg^-1vitamin were added and stirred well after cooling spare as overfeeding diet. Single mechanical overfeeding method was used. The result showed that,at overfeeding 16 d,the average weight of fatty liver was significantly higher in male than in female ducks（ 308. 91 g vs 135. 86 g,P〈0. 01）,and fat of liver was increased significantly（ 51. 83% vs 8. 36%,P〈0. 01）. Histology observation showed that the swelling of hepatocyte was observed and cytoplasm was full of fat in overfeeding group compared to the control group. The mRNA expression level of FAS,ACC,GPAT increased（ P〈0.05）,while the level of MTTP and ApoB significantly decreased（ P〈0.05）. The mRNA expression level of lipogenic genes increased such as FAS,ACC,MTTP,ApoB and GPAT. Conclusion： Overfeeding can induce fat deposition in liver tissue,and increase liver performance. In the period of overfeeding,those genes（ such as FAS,ACC,MTTP,ApoB and GPAT） mRNA expression in liver have an effect to control lipid metabolism in black Muscovy ducks.

关 键 词：填饲 黑羽番鸭 产肝性能 营养成分 基因表达 

分 类 号：S834[农业科学—畜牧学]