新文艺理论体系论(五)  

On the New System of Critical Theories(V)

作　　者：王锺陵[1] 

机构地区：[1]苏州大学,江苏苏州215123

出　　处：《苏州大学学报（哲学社会科学版）》2014年第6期1-12,199,共12页Journal of Soochow University(Philosophy & Social Science Edition)

摘　　要：文学时代的复杂性在于:它具有立体性、多元性。文学史发展的复杂性在于:在不同的历史环境中,相同的文学现象所起的历史作用并不相同;历史任务的完成会采用不同的历史形式;相似的文学现象其性质却迥异;文学流派之间的斗争往往导致文学潮流的变化。文学史发展的辩证性在于:许多文学时代及艺术现象是进步与退步的交织,历史在否定的环节中也没有停止其前进的步武。文学史的运动规律主要有以下几项:从诗性时代向着散文时代过渡,以及散文体裁最终一定会代诗而起为更主要的形式,这是全人类思维发展的共同趋势。神话,作为不同的文化基型,决定了不同民族文学艺术的发展道路及其独特的风貌。文艺史是一种突过与不及双向并存的运动,是受动与能动的统一。雅与俗的悬隔与汇通,形成为文学发展的大的格局和走向。艺术高格、理想及典范是在文学史运动中确立的。而文体的兴起、分化与类型转换中的浮沉兴替则是文学史发展的内在贯通线索。艺术上的求新与社会需要的拉动是新潮崛起的原因,新潮崛起往往呈现为一种冲绝的态势。The complexity of a literary era lies in its diversity and multi-dimensions,and that of the development of literary history is that in different historical contexts,the same literary phenomenon may function differently,and may be of different nature,historical missions may be completed differently,and the competition between different literary schools may often lead to the change of literary ethos.Dialectics of literary history is that progress and regression are entwined when it comes to the relationship between a literary era and the major artistic trends in it,and that history never stops in its own negation.Dynamics of literary history includes the following:it is a universal trend to have shifted from the poetic era to a prose era; myths,as cultural archetypes,determine the development and features of different peoples' literature and art; literary history is a combination of excess and insufficiency and that of activeness and passiveness; the divide and liaison between high brow literature and low-brow literature lead to the general pattern and trend of literature; artistic tastes,ideals and paradigms are established in literary history; the rise,differentiation and development of literary genres runs through literary history; and artistic innovation and social pull are usually the driving forces of a new trend,which,in turn,is characterized by overwhelming momentum.

关 键 词：文艺理论体系 二十世纪 文学史 文论史 尾声 

分 类 号：I0[文学—文学理论]