2001—2009年中国碳排放与碳足迹时空格局  

Spatiotemporal patterns of carbon emission and carbon footprint in China during 2001—2009

作　　者：吴文佳[1] 蒋金亮[2] 高全洲[3] 蒋海兵[4] 

机构地区：[1]北京大学城市与环境学院,北京大学地表过程分析与模拟教育部重点实验室,北京100871 [2]南京大学地理与海洋科学学院,南京210093 [3]中山大学地理科学与规划学院,广东省城市化与地理环境空间模拟重点实验室,广州510275 [4]盐城师范学院城市与资源环境学院,盐城224051

出　　处：《生态学报》2014年第22期6722-6733,共12页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家自然科学基金青年项目(41301108);南京大学研究生科研创新基金项目(2013CL07);江苏研究生创新计划(CXLX13_033)

摘　　要：碳排放引发的全球变暖给自然环境及人类社会都带来了显著影响,而碳足迹可以衡量自然生态系统对人类活动碳排放的响应。为研究自然-社会二元系统碳动态,基于MODIS(Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer)数据和统计资料计算2001—2009年中国陆地植被净初级生产力、能源消费碳排放、碳足迹和碳赤字;在GIS(Geographic Information System)技术支持下,运用空间自相关分析方法讨论其时空格局;据此划分生态经济区。结果表明:(1)2001—2009年全国植被净初级生产力(Net Primary Production,NPP)平均值为3.32 Pg C/a(1 Pg=1015g),呈西南地区>东南沿海>华中、华东地区>东北、华北地区>西北地区的空间格局;(2)2001—2009年全国能源消费碳排放逐年增加,年均增长率16.7%,多年平均值2.53 Pg C/a,呈东部>中部>西部的空间格局;(3)2001—2009年全国碳足迹逐年增加,年均增长率14.7%,多年平均值6.98×106km2;具有正碳赤字(即碳源)的省份为山西、环渤海地区各省、长三角地区各省、广东;相邻省份碳赤字的相对大小由于互相影响而改变;(4)全国分为中东部、南部、北部、西部四个生态经济大区。研究结果直观揭示了中国碳排放和碳足迹的时空动态,为实现自然-社会二元系统的可持续发展提供科学依据。Increasing carbon emission, which has been recognized as one major reason for enhanced global warming, is influenced by complex interactions between natural and anthropogenic processes. The terrestrial ecosystem has been reported as a carbon sink during recent decades; However, this carbon sink has been largely offset by the carbon emission from human activities such as land use change and fossil fuel consumption. An accurate quantification of the carbon fluxes in natural ecosystems in response to human activities is of critical importance for global change study. Using a carbon footprint model, this study characterized the spatiotemporal carbon patterns in the coupled system of nature-society. Specifically, we firstly calculated the net primary productivity （NPP）, carbon emission from energy consumption, carbon footprint, and carbon deficit in China during 2001-2009 based on MODIS and statistical data; Then we applied spatial auto-correlation analysis method to quantify spatiotemporal patterns of carbon emission and carbon footprint; Furthermore, we made an eco-economic regionalization of China based on the carbon deficit variation. Four conclusions can be drawn as follows. （1） The mean NPP was 3.32 Pg C/a during 2001-2009 in China （1 Pg = 10^15 g）, with small annual variations and obvious spatial heterogeneities, ranking as the southwestern 〉 the southeastern coastal region 〉 the central and the eastern 〉 the northeastern and the northern 〉 the northwestern parts of China. （2） The carbon emission from energy consumption in China increased from 1.52 Pg C/a （2001） to 3.53 Pg C/a （2009） with an annual rate of 16.7% and an average value of 2.53 Pg C/a. Geographically, carbon emission decreased from east to west. （3） Carbon footprint in China increased from 4.46×10^6 km^2 （2001） to 9.69×10^6 km^2 （2009） with an annual rate of 14.7% and an average value of 6.98×10^6 km^2. Positive carbon deficit was found in Shanxi, Bohai Economic Zone, Yangtze River Delta and Guangdong,

关 键 词：自然-社会二元系统 MODIS 碳排放 碳足迹 空间自相关 生态经济区划 

分 类 号：X321[环境科学与工程—环境工程]