高空长航时无人机螺旋桨滑流效应影响研究  

Numerical Simulation Study on Propeller Slipstream Effect on High Altitude Long Endurance Unmanned Air Vehicle (HALE UAV)

作　　者：陈广强[1] 白鹏[1] 詹慧玲[1] 纪楚群[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国航天空气动力技术研究院第一研究所,北京100074

出　　处：《飞机设计》2014年第4期1-9,共9页Aircraft Design

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(90816026)资助

摘　　要：推导和分析了以多参考系模型作为螺旋桨计算模型的控制方程。应用数值模拟方法开展高空长航时无人机滑流效应影响的三维数值模拟研究。研究发现,多参考系模型的流动现象能够符合真实螺旋桨的前后流动特征,并且可以较好地模拟螺旋桨滑流对飞机气动性能的干扰。螺旋桨滑流效应使V尾表面流线发生偏转和收缩加速,V尾表面的压力分布明显改变。起飞状态螺旋桨滑流效应对全机气动特性影响最强,爬升状态影响减弱,巡航状态影响最小。滑流效应影响随着推力增加而增大,相同推力不同桨距条件下滑流效应影响基本相同。起飞状态无人机尾部受到螺旋桨大推力滑流效应影响压差阻力急剧增加,导致全机气动性能下降。The control equation of Multiple Reference Frame（MRF） as the propeller calculation model was present and analyzed, the propeller slipstream effect on HALE UAV was studied with three-dimensional numerical simulation. It is shown that the flow field of the MRF model is good consistent with true propeller flow, and MRF can accurately simulate aerodynamic interference on the aircraft. The streamtraces on the V-tail surface were deflected and shrank, pressure distribution on V-tail surface was changed apparently too. The influence of propeller slipstream on the aerodynamic performance of the UAV at the status of taking off is biggest, become weaker at status of climbing and smallest at the status of cruising. The influence of propeller slipstream is enhanced with incre-ment of propeller thrust and basically familiar in the same thrust between the two blade attack angle. The pressure drag on afterbody of UAV fuselage increased rapidly by the effect of propeller slip-stream, leading aerodynamic performance of UAV become badly.

关 键 词：无人机 螺旋桨滑流 多参考系模型 计算流体力学 数值模拟 

分 类 号：V211[航空宇航科学与技术—航空宇航推进理论与工程]