建构详解组合词典的相关语言学概念再阐释  

Reinterpretation of Linguistic Concepts Related to the Explanatory Combinatorial Dictionary

作　　者：张家骅[1] 

机构地区：[1]黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心,哈尔滨150080

出　　处：《外语学刊》2014年第6期59-69,共11页Foreign Language Research

基　　金：国家社科基金项目"建构<俄汉平行对照语义关系词典>的理论与实践"(09BYY066)的基本理论框架

摘　　要：详解组合词典是"意思文本"语言学的基本组成部分。俄罗斯语言学界多年来对"意思文本"语言学的理论体系进行了一系列的补充、修正和完善。本文再次梳理这个理论体系的核心概念,围绕核心概念扼要阐释:谓词的层级性,莫斯科语义学派国内分支语义配价(语义角色)系统的沿革,动词的主题语义类别、体貌语义类别、情景参与者的词汇语义类别等与动词语义配价结构的关系,积极、消极、断裂等表层句法题元类型,句子动词中心说的缺陷,使用"辖域"表示状语性词语的题元,浮游辖域状语性词语和固定辖域状语性词语,配位结构理论的历史与现状等。移情是一个与配位结构相关联的语言现象,指说话人述说某情景时以情景参与者为观察点的一种表达方式,被说话人选作述说观察点的参与者称为移情焦点。Explanatory combinatorial dictionary is an important component of the ＂Meaning Text＂. During the past years, linguists in Russia have made a set of revision anti perfection to the ＂Meaning Text＂ theory. This paper reviewed and discussed critical con- eepts of this revised theory. The topics discussed in the paper ineluded the followings ： the grade of memberships of predicates, the development of the semantic role system by the domestic branch of the Moscow semantic school, the relationship between verbs＇semantic valency structure and the following three factors -- the thematic class of verbs, the aspeetual class of lexieal mea- nings of verbs and the taxonomic class of participant in situation. Furthermore, this paper also discussed active surface actants, passive s-actants, discontinuous s-actants, the weakness of the theory of verb center, adverbials whose aetants are expressed by scope, and the difference between adverbials within the fixed scope and adverbials within the floating scope. Empathy is a lin- guistic phenomenon that is associated with diathesis, i.e., while describing a particular scene, the speaker takes the point of ref- erence of the participant of situation. The latter is called the focus of the empathy.

关 键 词：谓词 题元 配位结构 辖域 移情 

分 类 号：H06[语言文字—语言学]