进城务工人员随迁子女义务教育财政:资助供求失衡及平衡化策略  

Financing Compulsory Education for Migrant Children: Imbalance of Financial Input and Relevant Strategies of Equilibration

作　　者：杨明[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院,杭州310028

出　　处：《教育与经济》2014年第6期10-16,共7页Education & Economy

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究一般项目"流动人口子女高度集中地区基础教育布局的现状和对策研究:以江浙两省为例"(项目编号:11YJA880137)

摘　　要：进城务工人员随迁子女在城市接受义务教育的数量和质量取决于城市政府财政投入的规模和结构。新《义务教育法》颁布以来尽管义务教育已经全面纳入财政投入保障范围,但是属地化管理的原则使得流入地政府缺乏对进城务工人员随迁子女进行财政资助的动力,不同层级和相邻政府之间为进城务工人员随迁子女提供的义务教育财政资助供求失衡,财力的紧张使得城市政府举办的公办学校数量不敷进城务工人员随迁子女入学之需,即便是同为进城务工人员随迁子女,其入学机会也不均。完善进城务工人员随迁子女义务教育财政政策的主要举措包括增加中央和省级政府的义务教育财政投入,完善流入地政府和流出地政府共同负担经费的机制,增建公办学校,并使得招生机制更公开透明。The quantities and qualities of compulsory education that migrant children received in cities depend on the scale and structure of public expenditures given by the municipal governments. Though the new Compulsory Education Act stipulates that governments at various levels should make sufficient fiscal appropriation for compulsory education, the principles of appropriation based on the citizens＇ birth places weaken the incentives for governmental support for non-municipal citizens, the fiscal appropriation between different levels and adjacent governments is different, as a result, the supply and demand of fiscal appropriation of compulsory education for migrant children is imbalance, the public schools can not provide sufficient learning places for migrant children. The educational opportunities for different groups of migrant children are not equal, too. In order to improve the public fiscal policies of eompulsory edueation for migrant children, it is necessary to inerease the public expenditure from central and provincial governments, to perfect the mechanism of bearing the fiscal burden together by both the local governments and the former governments, to set up more public schools and to make the admission polices more open.

关 键 词：进城务工人员随迁子女 义务教育 财政政策 资助供求失衡 

分 类 号：F08[经济管理—政治经济学] G40-054[文化科学—教育学原理]