脉冲电场与生物医药技术的交叉及其对肿瘤治疗模式的改变  

Interaction of Pulsed Electric Field and Biomedicine Technology and the Influence on Solid Tumor Therapy

作　　者：陈新华[1] 孙军辉[1] 殷胜勇 郑树森[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学医学院第一附属医院,杭州310003

出　　处：《高电压技术》2014年第12期3746-3754,共9页High Voltage Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(81372425);浙江省自然科学基金(LY13H180003);教育部留学回国人员科研启动基金(J20120279);新疆合作项目(2013911131;2014KL002)~~

摘　　要：生命现象与电密切相关。脉冲电场的生物效应促进了生命科学与电气工程技术的交叉融合,使得高功率脉冲技术在生物医药领域形成了快速发展的边缘交叉学科,在医学、农业、给药系统、细胞生物工程上应用广泛。为此,就非热电场灭菌、脉冲电场活化血小板、电化学药物治疗、电转染治疗心肌缺血、脉冲电场消融肿瘤等研究,结合电工和生物新原理、新理论、新技术、新材料,介绍、分析了脉冲电场技术在生物医药应用中的最新进展。主要结论包括:μs脉冲电场对电化学治疗、不可逆电穿孔有重要作用;ns脉冲电场不联合化疗药物而单独使用就可以达到肿瘤消融的目的;脉冲电场消融对外科手术禁区或射频消融不能达到的位置有特殊帮助;改进肿瘤适形电极设计才能进一步提高肿瘤消融效果;目前电脉冲消融肿瘤还需要多中心大规模前瞻性临床试验来验证其长期疗效。提出脉冲电场生物医药领域应用具有广阔的发展前景。Biologically, life is closely related to electricity. The biological effect of pulsed electric field became the foundation of the combination between biomedical and electric engineering. High-power pulsed electric field technology has become a rapid developing branch in biomedical, since it shows great potential in applications in medical treatment, agriculture, drug delivery system, cell bioengineering and so on. Hence, based on reviewing a number of researches including non-thermoelectric field sterilization, pulsed electric field activated platelets, electrochemical therapy, electric transfection treatment of myocardial ischemia, tumor ablation using pulsed electric fields, along with the new principles, new theories, new techniques, and new materials in both electric engineering and biological fields, we summarized and analyzed the latest development of pulsed electric field applications in biomedicine. It is concluded that microsecond pulsed electric fields are essential for electrochemothrapy and irreversible electroporation for tumor therapy. Meanwhile nanosecond pulsed electric fields could be used to induce cancer apoptosis without applying chemical drugs. Treating solid tumors with pulsed electric field has certain advantages in treating tumors located in the vicinity of major hepatic vessels which are not amenable to surgery or radiofrequency ablation. However, further enhancing the effect of tumor ablation using pulsed electric filed calls for improvement of designed introducing electrodes, and the multiple medical centers＇ evidence as well as long term follow-up are urgent for evaluating the overall long-term effects of pulsed electric field treatments. Nevertheless, pulsed electric field technology is quite promising in biomedical applications.

关 键 词：脉冲电场 生物医药技术 电场灭菌 血小板活化 电化学 肿瘤消融 

分 类 号：R730.5[医药卫生—肿瘤]