中国教育改革现实困境的思考——基于“年鉴学派”的理论视角  

The Dilemma of Education Reform in China: Based on the Analytical Approach of Annales School

作　　者：姜勇[1] 庞丽娟[2] 洪秀敏[2] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学学前教育与特殊教育学院,上海200062 [2]北京师范大学教育学部,北京100875

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2014年第23期1-5,66,共6页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：2011年度教育部人文社会科学研究规划项目(11YJC880039)的部分成果

摘　　要：20世纪在法国史学界兴起的年鉴学派为我们思考教育改革的困境提供了新的思考。首先,年鉴学派提出的"长时段"理论让我们注意到当前教育改革中所遭遇的种种困境是有其深刻的文化历史背景的,这可以很好地帮助我们理解教育改革并非一日之功,一蹴而就,它需要的是"慢慢来"的"功夫"。其次,年鉴学派倡导的"微观叙事"理论使我们认识到,当我们在推进新的教育改革进程之时,除了关注精英的思想与精髓之时,还要留意"普罗大众"的所思、所想,其情,其感,并运用"启蒙"的方式去解放、帮助"普罗大众"形成真正的"我觉",如是才能真正找到制约与影响教育改革与发展的力量。第三,年鉴学派所采用的"日常生活批判"的理论立场使我们认识到,任何教育改革都必须关注教育的日常生活,我们必须通过探讨日常生活中的教师、学生、家长等的人生主观性,并进行理性的反思与批判,才能透彻领悟教育改革的进程与成功的可能。The Annales School, known as an important paradigm shift in historiography which arose in France in the 20th century, provides us a new perspective upon the dilemma of education reform in China. For one thing, their ＂long periodic theory＂ highlights the profound historical and cultural roots underling the complex difficulties encountered by the current education reform, which suggest that education reform is a long-term program and there is no once-and-for-all solution-it takes patience and continuous efforts. For another, the ＂micro narrative theory＂ claimed by the Annales School indicates that during the promotion of the new education reform, beside the thoughts of elites, the opinions and the feelings of the ＂general public＂ should also be considered, and the technique of ＂enlightening＂ should be used to foster the authentic self-awareness of the general public. Only in this way could the force that hinder the development and reform of education be discovered and eliminated. Furthermore, the ＂critique of everyday life＂ adopted by the Annales School makes us to realize that any kind of education reform, if it is to be successful, should pay well attention to the education in everyday life; and in order to thoroughly understand the possibility of the development and the success of education reform, we should critically reflect and discuss the subjectivity of teachers, students and parents in real life.

关 键 词：中国教育改革 年鉴学派 长时段理论 微观叙事 日常生活批判 

分 类 号：G521[文化科学—教育学]