谁的非智力负担更重——中小学生课业不感兴趣程度、期望压力与焦虑水平调查研究  

The Survey Research on Primary and Middle School Students Non-intellectual Burden in China

作　　者：秦玉友[1] 曾文婧[1] 赵忠平[1] 

机构地区：[1]教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地东北师范大学农村教育研究所,长春130000

出　　处：《教育发展研究》2014年第24期38-44,共7页Research in Educational Development

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学重点研究基地重大项目"农村学校布局调整评价研究"(12JJD880009)的部分成果

摘　　要：研究中小学生负担问题,不仅要关注学生的课业负担、身体负担,还要关注学生的非智力负担。本研究以学生对课程的不感兴趣程度、期望压力和焦虑水平作为衡量学生非智力负担的指标,基于全国10省20市(县)中小学生的调查,从年级、城乡和不同学习水平等维度对中小学生的非智力负担状况进行了系统分析。研究发现,学生的非智力负担存在显著的年级、城乡和学习水平差异。具体而言:(1)从低年级到高年级,学生对课程的不感兴趣程度逐渐升高,期望压力和焦虑水平逐渐增加;(2)从城市、县城、乡镇到村屯,学生对课程的不感兴趣程度逐渐升高,焦虑水平增加,但在期望压力方面,乡镇学校学生要明显高于其他地域;(3)从学优生到学困生,学生的不感兴趣程度逐渐升高,期望压力和焦虑水平逐渐增加。根据以上发现,在分析基础上对如何减轻中小学生非智力负担提出建议。To study the students burden problem, we should not only pay attention to the students academic burden, physical burden, but also concerned about the non-intellectual burden of students. This study explores Chinese students non-intellectual burden based on the survey of students from 20 cities/counties in 10 provinces with the degree of not interest in the course, expectation pressure and anxiety level as its indicators, the grades, urban and rural areas and different-level performance as its dimensions. The study had found the significant differences of learning stages, the urban and rural areas and learning levels exists in student non-intellectual burden. There are three specific aspects： （a） From low to high grades,the degree of not interest in the course, the expectation pressure and anxiety level of students all increased gradually; （b） From city,county,town to village,the degree of not interest in the course and the anxiety level of students increased,but in the expectation pressure,the township school students was significantly higher than other regions; （c） From top performance to underachieving,the degree of not interest in the course,the expectation pressure and anxiety level of students all increased gradually.Based on the above findings and analysis,some suggestions are proposed to reduce the paimary and middle school students non-intellectual burden.

关 键 词：中小学 学生 非智力负担 调查研究 

分 类 号：G632.4[文化科学—教育学]